Personal Pronouns

Personal Pronouns

The various declensions of ahaṃ “I” and tvaṃ “you” are extensively used in the Tipiṭaka.

1st person ahaṃ

	singular “I”	plural “We”
1. Nominative	ahaṃ	mayaṃ amhe
2. Accusative	maṃ mamaṃ me	amhe amhākaṃ no
3. Instrumental	mayā me	amhehi no
4. Dative	mama mayhaṃ mamaṃ me	amhaṃ amhākaṃ no
5. Ablative	mayā	amhehi
6. Genitive	mama mayhaṃ mamaṃ me	amhaṃ amhākaṃ no
7. Locative	mayi	amhesu
8. Vocative	-	-

Frequency¹⁴

In the mūla part of the 4 Nikāyas

ahaṃ	I	14232
maṃ	me	1173
mayā	by me, from me	593
me	with me, for me, my	4369
mayhaṃ	for me, my	601
mama	for me, my	629
mamaṃ	for me, my	87
mayi	in me, on me	69
mayaṃ	we	957
amhākaṃ	us, for us, our	213
no	us, by us, for us, our (no, isn't it?, indeed)	3591 (Including ind)

2nd person tvaṃ

	singular “you”	plural “you all”
1. Nominative	tvaṃ tuvaṃ	tumhe
2. Accusative	taṃ tuvaṃ tavaṃ te	tumhe tumhākaṃ vo
3. Instrumental	tayā te	tumhehi vo
4. Dative	tava tuyhaṃ te	tumhaṃ tumhākaṃ vo
5. Ablative	tayā	tumhehi
6. Genitive	tava tuyhaṃ te	tumhaṃ tumhākaṃ vo
7. Locative	tayi	tumhesu

Frequency¹⁵

In the mūla part of the 4 Nikāyas

tvaṃ	you	16207
taṃ	you, (that)	6995 (Including 3rd)
tuvaṃ	you	32
tayā	by you, from you	44
te	by you, for you, your, (they, those)	6173 (Including 3rd)
tava	for you, your	46
tumhe	you all	461
tumhākaṃ	you all, for you all, yours	158
vo	you all, by you, for you, yours	893

Exercises will give you a good workout with these pronouns.