Masculine nouns ending in -u

Masculine nouns ending in -u

	example
- u	bhikkhu ; garu
- tu / -tar (1)	satthar ; bhāsitar
- tu / -tar (2)	pitar ; bhātar
- ū	vidū

Masculine nouns ending in -u like bhikkhu

1. nom	bhikkhu	bhikkhū bhikkhavo
2. acc	bhikkhuṃ	bhikkhū bhikkhavo
3. instr	bhikkhunā	bhikkhūhi
4. dat	bhikkhuno bhikkhussa	bhikkhūnaṃ
5. abl	bhikkhunā bhikkhumhā bhikkhusmā	bhikkhūhi
6. gen	bhikkhuno bhikkhussa	bhikkhūnaṃ
7. loc	bhikkhumhi bhikkhusmiṃ	bhikkhūsu
8. voc	bhikkhu	bhikkhū bhikkhavo bhikkhave

garu, hetu, phāsu, maccu, nhāru, paṃsu etc. similarly declined.

Masculine nouns ending in -tu / -tar (1)

These can be also be found in some dictionaries with -tu or -tar ending, eg. satthu or satthar.

the Sanskrit equivalent, ending in -tṛ.

They are collectively known as agent nouns because they describe a person who does the action of the verbal root

√sās	to teach	√sās > sass + tar > satthar	teacher
√bhar	to support	√bhar + tar > bhattar	lord
√khā	to tell	ā + √khā + tar > akkhātar	speaker
√man	to think	√man + tar > mantar	thinker
√han	to kill	√han + tar > hantar	killer
√dā	to give	√dā + tar > dātar	giver
√bhās	to speak	√bhās + itar > bhāsitar	speaker
√gam	to go	√gam + tar > gantar	traveller
√kar	to do, make	√kar + tar > kattar	doer, maker
√vac	to speak	pa + √vac + tar > pavattar	proclaimer
√dhār	to hold	√dhar + tar > dhātar	upholder
√su	to hear	√su > so + tar > sotar	hearer
√vac	to speak	√vac + tar > vattar	speaker
√pucch	to ask	√pucch + itar > pucchitar	questioner
√ñā	to know	ā + √ñā + tar > aññātar	knower
√sah	to overcome	√sah + itar > sahitar	who endures
√sar	to remember	√sar + itar > saritar	who recollects
√brūh	to increase	√brūh + *e + tar > brūhetar	who develops
√vas	to live	adhi + ā + √vas + a + tar > ajjhāvasatar	who lives in a home

Declension of -ar masc

1.nom	satthā	satthāro
2.acc	satthāraṃ	satthāre satthāro
3.inst	satthārā satthunā	satthārehi
4.dat	satthu satthuno satthussa	satthārānaṃ satthānaṃ
5.abl	satthārā	satthārehi
6.gen	satthu satthuno satthussa	satthārānaṃ satthānaṃ
7.loc	satthari	satthāresu
8.voc	sattha satthā	satthāro

Similarly bhāsitar, vattar, bhattar, kattar, dātar, akkhātar, mantar, ajjhāvasatar, sotar, brūhetar, aññātar etc.

Masculine nouns ending in -u (-tu / -tar) (2)

These nouns include all the close family relations, like bhātar (brother), pitar (father) etc.

In some grammars and dictionaries, you can find these nouns listed as bhātu.

Pāli	Sanskrit
bhātu (BD) bhātar (PED)	bhrātṛ
pitu (BD) pitar (PED)	pitṛ

Declension of -ar2 masc

1.nom	bhātā	bhātaro
2.acc	bhātaraṃ	bhātare bhātaro
3.inst	bhātarā bhātunā	bhātūhi
4.dat	bhātu bhātuno bhātussa	bhātūnaṃ
5.abl	bhātarā	bhātūhi
6.gen	bhātu bhātuno bhātussa	bhātūnaṃ
7.loc	bhātari	bhātaresu bhātūsu
8.voc	bhāta bhātā	bhātaro

Comparison table for nouns ending in -u

	u	tu 2	tu1	u	tu2	tu1
	singular	singular	singular	plural	plural	plural
1.nom	bhikkhu	bhātā	satthā	bhikkhū bhikkhavo	bhātaro	satthāro
2.acc	bhikkhuṃ	bhātaraṃ	satthāraṃ	bhikkhū bhikkhavo	bhātare bhātaro	satthāre satthāro
3.inst	bhikkhunā	bhātarā bhātunā	satthārā satthunā	bhikkhūhi	bhātarehi bhātūhi	satthārehi
4.dat	bhikkhuno bhikkhussa	bhātu bhātuno bhātussa	satthu satthuno satthussa	bhikkhūnaṃ	bhātarānaṃ bhātānaṃ bhātūnaṃ	satthārānaṃ satthānaṃ
5.abl	bhikkhunā bhikkhumhā bhikkhusmā	bhātarā	satthārā	bhikkhūhi	bhātarehi bhātūhi	satthārehi
6.gen	bhikkhuno bhikkhussa	bhātu bhātuno bhātussa	satthu satthuno satthussa	bhikkhūnaṃ	bhātarānaṃ bhātānaṃ bhātūnaṃ	satthārānaṃ satthānaṃ
7.loc	bhikkhumhi bhikkhusmiṃ	bhātari	satthari	bhikkhūsu	bhātaresu bhātūsu	satthāresu
8.voc	bhikkhu	bhāta bhātā	sattha satthā	bhikkhū bhikkhavo bhikkhave	bhātaro	satthāro