Class 13 Key to Exercises
Class 13 Key to Exercises¶
- DN30.2
samaṃ pādaṃ bhūmiyaṃ nikkhipati, samaṃ uddharati, samaṃ sabbāvantehi pādatalehi bhūmiṃ phusati.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English | Root |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| samaṃ | ind | adv | evenly; in a balanced manner; smoothly | |
| pādaṃ | noun | masc.acc.sg | foot | √pad・3 ya (go, step) |
| bhūmiyaṃ | noun | fem.loc.sg | on the earth | √bhū・1 a (be, become) |
| nikkhipati | verb | pr.3rd.sg | he puts down | √khip・1 a (throw) |
He puts down [his] foot evenly on the earth.
| samaṃ | ind | adv | evenly; in a balanced manner; smoothly | |
| uddharati | verb | pr.3rd.sg | he lifts, holds up | √dhar・1 a (hold, carry, endure) |
He lifts [his foot] up in a balanced manner
| samaṃ | ind | adv | evenly; in a balanced manner; smoothly | |
| sabbāvantehi | adj | nt.instr.pl | with entire | |
| pāda-talehi | noun | nt.instr.pl | with the soles of the feet | |
| bhūmiṃ | noun | fem.acc.sg | the earth | √bhū・1 a (be, become) |
| phusati | verb | pr.3rd.sg | he touches, contacts | √phus・1 a (touch) |
He touches the earth evenly with the entire sole of [his] foot
- MN20
kiṃ nu kho ahaṃ sīghaṃ gacchāmi? yaṃnūn'āhaṃ saṇikaṃ gaccheyyāmi'ti. so saṇikaṃ gaccheyya
| kiṃ nu kho | ind | ind+interr+ind | Why on earth? How indeed? | |
| ahaṃ | pron | 1st.nom.sg | I | |
| sīghaṃ | ind | adv | quickly | |
| gacchāmi | verb | pr.1st.sg | I go | √gam・1 a (go) |
"Why on earth am I going quickly?"
| yaṃnūn'āhaṃ | idiom | pron+ind+pron 1st.nom.sg | what if I | |
| saṇikaṃ | ind | adv | slowly | |
| gaccheyyāmi | verb | opt.1st.sg | I should go | √gam・1 a (go) |
| ‘ti | ind | quote | "" |
"What if I were to go slowly?"
| so | pron | masc.nom.sg | he | |
| saṇikaṃ | ind | adv | slowly | |
| gaccheyya | verb | opt.3rd.sg | he would go | √gam・1 a (go) |
[So] he would walk slowly.
- SNP23
bhagavā āyasmantaṃ rāhulaṃ imāhi gāthāhi abhiṇhaṃ ovadatī'ti
| bhagavā | noun | masc.nom.sg | Blessed One | √bhaj・1 a (divide, distribute) |
| āyasmantaṃ | noun | masc.acc.sg | venerable | √i・1 a (come, go) |
| rāhulaṃ | noun | masc.acc.sg | Rāhula | |
| imāhi | pron | fem.instr.pl | with these | |
| gāthāhi | noun | fem.instr.pl | with verses, stanzas | √gā・3 ya (sing) |
| abhiṇhaṃ | ind | adv | frequently | |
| ovadati | verb | pr.3rd.sg | advises, admonish | √vad・1 a (say, speak) |
| 'ti | ind | quote | "" |
The Blessed One frequently advises Venerable Rāhula with these verses.
passive verbs:
- AN10.176
ime sattā haññantu vā bajjhantu vā ucchijjantu vā vinassantu vā mā vā ahesun'ti
| ime | pron | masc.nom.pl | these | |
| sattā | noun | masc.nom.pl | beings | √as・1 a (be) |
| haññantu | verb.pass | imp.3rd.pl | may they be killed | √han・1 ya (strike, kill) |
| vā | ind | conj | or | |
| bajjhantu | verb.pass | imp.3rd.pl | may they be tied up | √badh・1 ya (bind, tie) |
| vā | ind | conj | or | |
| ucchijjantu | verb.pass | imp.3rd.pl | may they be chopped up | √chid・2 ya (cut, steal) |
| vā | ind | conj | or | |
| vinassantu | verb.pass | imp.3rd.pl | may they be destroyed | √nas・3 ya (be lost, disappear) |
| vā | ind | conj | or | |
| mā | ind | don't may they not | ||
| vā | ind | conj | or | |
| ahesuṃ | verb | aor.3rd.pl | they were, existed | √hū・1 a (be) |
| ‘ti | ind | quote | "" |
"May these beings be killed, be tied up, be chopped up, be destroyed, may they cease to exist!"
- SN22.79
ahaṃ kho eta'r'ahi rūpena khajjāmi. atītam'p'āhaṃ addhānaṃ evam'eva rūpena khajjiṃ
| ahaṃ | pron | 1st.nom.sg | I | |
| kho | ind | truly | ||
| eta'r'ahi | ind | adv | now | |
| rūpena | noun | nt.instr.sg | by matter | √rūp・8 *e (form, produce) |
| khajjāmi | verb.pass | pr.1st.sg | I am being eaten | √khād・1 ya (chew) |
Right now, I am truly being eaten by matter.
| atītam- | adj | masc.acc.sg | past | |
| api- | ind | also | ||
| ahaṃ | pron | 1st.nom.sg | I | |
| addhānaṃ | noun | masc.acc.sg | time | |
| evam'eva | ind | adv+ind | in the same way | |
| rūpena | noun | nt.instr.sg | by matter | √rūp・8 *e (form, produce) |
| khajjiṃ | verb.pass | aor.1st.sg | I was eaten | √khād・1 ya (chew) |
In the past time, I was also eaten by matter in the same way.
- AN4.186
kena nu kho, bhante, loko nīyati, kena loko parikassati
| kena | pron | masc.instr.sg | by what? | |
| nu kho | ind | interr | does?; is?; would? | |
| bhante | noun | masc.voc.sg | lord, master | √bhad×1 a (be good, lucky) |
| loko | noun | masc.nom.sg | the world | √lok・8 *e (look) |
| nīyati | verb.pass | pr.3rd.sg | is lead | √nī・1 ya (lead, carry) |
Master, by what is the world lead?
| kena | pron | masc.instr.sg | by what? | |
| loko | noun | masc.nom.sg | the world | √lok・8 *e (look) |
| parikassati | verb.pass | pr.3rd.sg | is dragged around | √kas・1 ya (drag, draw) |
By what is the world dragged around?
- MN2.2
assutavā puthujjano na parimuccati jātiyā … , na parimuccati dukkhasmā'ti vadāmi
| assutavā | adj | masc.nom.sg | unlearned, uneducated | √su・4 ṇā (hear) |
| puthujjano | noun | masc.nom.sg | common person | |
| na | ind | neg | not | |
| parimuccati | verb.pass | pr.3rd.sg | he is released | √muc・2 ya (release, free) |
| jātiyā | noun | fem.abl.sg | from birth | √jan・3 ya (be born, produce) |
I say: "An unlearned common person is not freed from birth.
| na | ind | neg | not | |
| parimuccati | verb.pass | pr.3rd.sg | he is completely freed | √muc・2 ya (release, free) |
| dukkhasmā | noun | nt.abl.sg | from suffering | √dukkh・1 a (be painful) |
| 'ti | ind | quote | "" | |
| vadāmi | verb | pr.1st.sg | I say | √vad・1 a (say, speak) |
He is not completely freed from suffering."
- MN20
kiṃ nu kho ahaṃ saṇikaṃ gacchāmi?
| kiṃ | pron | nt.nom.sg | why | |
| nu | ind | interr | ? | |
| kho | ind | emph | indeed | |
| ahaṃ | pron | 1st.nom.sg | I | |
| saṇikaṃ | ind | adv | slowly | |
| gacchāmi | verb | pr.1st.sg | I walk; go | √gam・1 a (go) |
Why on earth do I walk slowly?
- SN46.3
passaddhakāyassa sukhino cittaṃ samādhiyati
| passaddhakāyassa | adj | masc.dat.sg | for one of a relaxed body | |
| sukhino | adj | masc.dat.sg | at ease; comfortable | √sukh・1 a (please, be comfortable) |
| cittaṃ | noun | nt.nom.sg | mind | √cit・8 *e (think, intend) |
| samādhiyati | verb.pass | pr.3rd.sg | becomes composed | √dhā・1 iya (place, support) |
For one [whose] body [is] relaxed [and] who [is] at ease, the mind becomes composed.
- VIN PAT PC 73
ce bhikkhuṃ aññe bhikkhū jāneyyuṃ nisinnapubbaṃ iminā bhikkhunā dvattikkhattuṃ pātimokkhe uddissamāne, ko pana vādo bhiyyo'ti
| ce | ind | if | ||
| bhikkhuṃ | noun | masc.acc.sg | monk | √bhikkh・1 a (beg) |
| aññe | pron | masc.nom.pl | other | |
| bhikkhū | noun | masc.nom.pl | monks | √bhikkh・1 a (beg) |
| jāneyyuṃ | verb | opt.3rd.pl | they should know | √ñā・5 nā (know) |
| nisinnapubbaṃ | adj | masc.acc.sg | seated before | |
| iminā | pron | masc.instr.sg | by this | |
| bhikkhunā | noun | masc.instr.sg | by monk | √bhikkh・1 a (beg) |
| dvattikkhattuṃ | ind | adv | two or three times | |
| pātimokkhe | noun | masc.loc.sg (loc abs) | while the disciplinary code | |
| uddissamāne | prp. pass | masc.loc.sg (loc abs) | while being recited | √dis・1 ya (point out, explain) |
if other monks should know [about] [that] monk: "this monk has sat in two or three times before, while the disciplinary code was being recited,
| ko | pron interr |
masc.nom.sg | who, what | |
| pana | ind | conj | but, moreover | |
| vādo | noun | masc.nom.sg | saying; mentioning | √vad・1 a (say, speak) |
| bhiyyo'ti | ind | adv+end quote | more" |
what to say of more [times],"
- MN105
taṃ kiṃ maññasi, sunakkhatta, api nu tassa purisassa tasmiṃ vante puna bhottu'kamyatā assā'ti?
| taṃ | pron | nt.acc.sg | that | |
| kiṃ | pron | nt.acc.sg | what | |
| maññasi | verb | pr.2nd.sg | you think | √man・3 ya (think) |
| sunakkhatta | noun | masc.voc.sg | Sunakkhatta | √nakkh×1 a (attain, arrive) |
| api nu | ind | interr | ? | |
| tassa | pron | masc.dat.sg | for this | |
| purisassa | noun | masc.dat.sg | for a man | |
| tasmiṃ | pron | masc.loc.sg (loc abs) | when that | |
| vante | pp | masc.loc.sg (loc abs) | when vomited | √vam・1 a (eject, vomit) |
| puna | ind | adv | again | |
| bhottu'kamyatā | noun | fem.nom.sg | desire to eat | |
| assā'ti | verb | opt.3rd.sg | would he | √as・1 a (be) |
"What do you think, Sunakkhatta, after that man has vomited [some delectable food], would he have desire to eat [it] again?"
- SN22.59
imasmiṃ ca pana veyyākaraṇasmiṃ bhaññamāne pañcavaggiyānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ anupādāya āsavehi cittāni vimucciṃsū'ti.
| imasmiṃ | pron | masc.loc.sg (loc abs) | when this | |
| ca | ind | conj | and | |
| pana | ind | ind | so | |
| veyyākaraṇasmiṃ | noun | nt.loc.sg (loc abs) |
when answer; detailed exposition | |
| bhaññamāne | prp. pass | masc.loc.sg (loc abs) | when being spoken | √bhaṇ・1 ya (talk, speak) |
| pañcavaggiyānaṃ | adj | masc.gen.pl | of belonging to a group of five | |
| bhikkhūnaṃ | noun | masc.gen.pl | of monks | √bhikkh・1 a (beg) |
| anupādāya | verb | ger | not grasping onto; detaching from | √ādā・3 ya (take, seize) |
| āsavehi | noun | masc.abl.pl | from taints; effluents | √su・1 a (flow) |
| cittāni | noun | nt.nom.pl | minds | √cit・8 *e (think, intend) |
| vimucciṃsū'ti | verb. pass | aor.3rd.pl +end quote |
freed" | √muc・2 ya (release, free) |
"And so, while this detailed exposition was being spoken, the minds of the group of five monks, by not grasping, were freed from taints."
- MN75
aññe satte passāmi kāmesu avītarāge kāmataṇhāhi khajjamāne kāmapariḷāhena pariḍayhamāne kāme paṭisevante.
| aññe | pron | masc.acc.pl | other | |
| satte | noun | masc.acc.pl | living beings | √as・1 a (be) |
| passāmi | verb | pr.1st.sg | I see | √dis・1 a (see) |
| kāmesu | noun | masc.loc.pl | with regard to sensual pleasures | √kam・8 *e (desire) |
| avītarāge | adj | masc.acc.pl (+loc) | not free from desire | |
| kāmataṇhāhi | noun | fem.instr.pl | by cravings for sensual pleasures | |
| khajjamāne | prp. pass | masc.acc.pl | being devoured by | √khād・1 ya (chew) |
| kāmapariḷāhena | noun | masc.instr.sg | by a burning passion for sensual objects | |
| pariḍayhamāne | prp. pass | masc.acc.pl | being tormented by | √ḍah・1 ya (burn) |
| kāme | noun | masc.acc.pl | sensual pleasures | √kam・8 *e (desire) |
| paṭisevante | prp | masc.acc.pl (+acc) | indulging in | √sev・1 a (serve, associate) |
I see other living beings not free from desire in regard to sensual pleasures, being devoured by cravings for sensual pleasures, being tormented by a burning passion for sensual objects, indulging in sensual pleasures.
- MN10.18
yaṃ loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, ettha esā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati.
| yaṃ | pron | nt.acc.sg | what; whatever; that which | |
| loke | noun | masc.loc.sg | in the world | √lok・8 *e (look) |
| piyarūpaṃ | adj | nt.acc.sg | enticing (lit: lovely form) | |
| sātarūpaṃ | adj | nt.acc.sg | pleasant; agreeable | |
| ettha | ind | adv | here; in this place | |
| esā | pron | fem.nom.sg | this | |
| taṇhā | noun | fem.nom.sg | craving | √tas・6 ṇhā (thirst) |
| pahīyamānā | prp. pass |
fem.nom.sg | being abandoned | √hā・1 īya (abandon) |
| pahīyati | verb. pass | pr.3rd.sg | is abandoned | √hā・1 īya (abandon) |
| ettha | ind | adv | here; in this place | |
| nirujjhamānā | prp. pass | fem.nom.sg | ceasing | √rudh・2 ya (obstruct) |
| nirujjhati | verb. pass | pr.3rd.sg | is ceased; finishes; stops | √rudh・2 ya (obstruct) |
for what [is] pleasant and enticing in the world this craving here is being abandoned, is abandoned, here it is ceasing, is ceased.
- MN22
evam'pi kho bhikkhu tehi bhikkhūhi samanuyuñjiyamāno samanugāhiyamāno samanubhāsiyamāno taṃ eva pāpakaṃ diṭṭhigataṃ thāmasā parāmāsā abhinivissa voharati
| evam'pi | ind | adv + ind | likewise; similarly | |
| kho | ind | emph | indeed | |
| bhikkhu | noun | masc.nom.sg | a monk | √bhikkh・1 a (beg) |
| tehi | pron | masc.instr.pl | by those | |
| bhikkhūhi | noun | masc.instr.pl | by monks | √bhikkh・1 a (beg) |
| samanuyuñjiyamāno | prp. pass | masc.nom.sg | being cross-questioned by | √yuj・2 ṃa + iya (yoke, join) |
| samanugāhiyamāno | prp. pass | masc.nom.sg | being interrogated by | √gāh・1 iya (dive, plunge) |
| samanubhāsiyamāno | prp. pass | masc.nom.sg | being admonished by | √bhās・1 iya (speak) |
| taṃ | pron | nt.acc.sg | that; that | |
| eva | ind | emph | just; only | |
| pāpakaṃ | adj | nt.acc.sg | evil; wrong | |
| diṭṭhigataṃ | noun | nt.acc.sg | belief; view, misconception | |
| thāmasā | ind | adv | obstinately; stubbornly | √ṭhā・1 a (stand) |
| parāmāsā | ind | adv | clinging (lit: with attachment) | √mas・1 a (touch, rub) |
| abhinivissa | verb | ger (+acc) | attaching; adhering | √vis・1 a (enter) |
| voharati | verb | pr.3rd.sg | he speaks; gives expression | √har・1 a (carry) |
Similarly, a monk being cross-questioned, interrogated, admonished by those monks, speaks adhering to that very wrong view, obstinately and with attachment.
- AN3.28
tayo ime, bhikkhave, puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. katame tayo? gūthabhāṇī, pupphabhāṇī, madhubhāṇī.
| tayo | card | masc.nom.pl | three | |
| ime | pron | masc.nom.pl | these | |
| bhikkhave | noun | masc.voc.pl | monks | √bhikkh・1 a (beg) |
| puggalā | noun | masc.nom.pl | persons; individuals | |
| santo | prp | masc.nom.pl | existing; being | √as・1 a (be) |
| saṃvijjamānā | prp. pass | masc.nom.pl | existing in; being found in | √vid・3 ya (be found, exist) |
| lokasmiṃ | noun | masc.loc.sg | the world | √lok・8 *e (look) |
Monks, [there are] these three [types of] persons being found existing in the world.
| katame | pron | masc.nom.pl | which | |
| tayo | card | masc.nom.pl | three | |
| gūthabhāṇī | adj | masc.nom.pl | who lies (lit: excrement talker) | |
| pupphabhāṇī | adj | masc.nom.pl | who speak the truth (lit: flower talker) | |
| madhubhāṇī | adj | masc.nom.pl | who talk sweetly (lit: honey talker) |
Which three? [Those] who lie, [those] who speak the truth, [and] [those] who talk sweetly.
- VIN PAT SA 13
tassa kho pāpakā samācārā dissanti c'eva suyyanti ca kulāni ca tena duṭṭhāni dissanti c'eva suyyanti ca
| tassa | pron | masc.gen.sg | his (lit: of him) | |
| kho | ind | emph | indeed (not translated) | |
| pāpakā | adj | masc.nom.pl | bad, wicked | |
| samācārā | noun | masc.nom.pl | conduct(s); behavior(s); activities | √car・1 a (act, behave) |
| dissanti | verb.pass | pr.3rd.pl | are seen | √dis・1 ya (see) |
| c'eva | sandhi | ind+ind | as well as | |
| suyyanti | verb.pass | pr.3rd.pl | are heard [about] | √su・4 ya (hear) |
| ca | ind | conj | and | |
| kulāni | noun | nt.nom.pl | householders; supporters | |
| ca | ind | conj | and | |
| tena | pron | masc.instr.sg | by him | |
| duṭṭhāni | adj (pp) | nt.nom.pl | corrupted; spoiled | √dus・3 ya (be angry, corrupt) |
| dissanti | verb | pr.pass.3rd.pl | are seen | √dis・1 ya (see) |
| c'eva | sandhi | ind+ind | as well as | |
| suyyanti | verb.pass | pr.3rd.pl | they are heard | √su・4 ya (hear) |
His bad activities (lit: behaviors) are seen as well as heard [about] and the householders corrupted by him are seen as well as heard [about].
Class 13 Extra¶
- SNP37
na munī gāmam'āgamma,
kulesu sahasā care
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English | Root |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| na | ind | neg | not | |
| munī | noun | masc.nom.sg | sage, monk | √mun・5 nā (think, know) |
| gāmaṃ | noun | masc.acc.sg | village | |
| āgamma | verb | ger [+acc] | coming, arriving | √gam・1 a (go) |
| kulesu | noun | nt.loc.pl | among households | √kul・1 a (be close) |
| sahasā | ind | adv | rashly; in haste | |
| care | verb | opt.3rd.sg | he should walk | √car・1 a (move, walk) |
A monk, having arrived in the village, should not walk rashly among the households.
- APA 3 (simpl)
jahanti purimaṃ nāmaṃ, buddhaputtā'ti ñāyanti
| jahanti | verb | pr.3rd.pl | they give up | √hā・1 a (abandon) |
| purimaṃ | adj | nt.acc.sg | former, previous, old | |
| nāmaṃ | noun | nt.acc.sg | name | |
| buddhaputtā | noun | masc.nom.pl | sons of the Buddha | |
| iti | ind | quote | "" | |
| ñāyanti | verb.pass | pr.3rd.pl | they are known as | √ñā・5 ya (know) |
They give up their former names and are known as "Buddha's sons"
- SNP8
mettaṃ ca sabbalokasmiṃ, mānasaṃ bhāvaye aparimāṇaṃ;
uddhaṃ adho ca tiriyaṃ ca, asambādhaṃ, averaṃ, asapattaṃ.
| mettaṃ | adj | nt.acc.sg | friendly; benevolent; kind | √mitt・1 a (be friendly) |
| ca | ind | conj | and | |
| sabbalokasmiṃ | noun | masc.loc.sg | in the entire world | |
| mānasaṃ | noun | nt.acc.sg | mind/heart | √man・3 ya (think) |
| bhāvaye | verb | opt.3rd.sg | should cultivate | √bhū・1 *aya (be, become) |
| aparimāṇaṃ | adj | nt.acc.sg | measureless; boundless | √mā・5 nā (measure) |
One should cultivate a measureless and friendly mind for the entire world.
| uddhaṃ | ind | prep | above | |
| adho | ind | prep | below | |
| ca | ind | conj | and | |
| tiriyaṃ | ind | prep | across | √tir・1 a (cross) |
| ca | ind | conj | and | |
| asambādhaṃ | adj | nt.acc.sg | unobstructed | √bādh・1 a (press, oppress) |
| averaṃ | adj | nt.acc.sg | without enmity | √vīr×8 *e (be heroic, hostile) |
| asapattaṃ | adj | nt.acc.sg | without hostility | √pat×3 ya (command, control) |
above, below and across; unobstructed, without enmity, without hostility.
- SNP8 (simpl)
diṭṭhā vā ye ca adiṭṭhā, ye сa dūre vasanti avidūre,
bhūtā vā sambhavaṃ esī vā
| diṭṭhā | pp | masc.nom.pl | seen; visible | √dis・1 a (see) |
| vā | ind | conj | or | |
| ye | pron | masc.nom.pl | they; those | |
| ca | ind | conj | and | |
| adiṭṭhā | pp | masc.nom.pl | unseen; invisible | √dis・1 a (see) |
| ye | pron | masc.nom.pl | those | |
| ca | ind | conj | and | |
| dūre | ind | adv | far away | √dū×1 a (go, run) |
| vasanti | verb | pr.3rd.pl | they live | √vas・1 a (live) |
| avidūre | ind | adv | not far; near | √dū×1 a (go, run) |
Those that are seen or unseen and those that live far away or near,
| bhūtā | pp | masc.nom.pl | have been born, have become | √bhū・1 a (be, become) |
| vā | ind | conj | or | |
| sambhavaṃ | noun | masc.acc.sg | birth | √bhū・1 a (be, become) |
| esī | adj | masc.nom.pl | who are seeking | |
| vā | ind | conj | or |
[those] [who] have been born or [those] seeking birth.
- KHP7
ayaṃ ca kho dakkhiṇā dinnā, saṅghamhi supatiṭṭhitā. dīgharattaṃ hitāya assa, ṭhānaso upakappati.
| ayaṃ | pron | fem.nom.sg | this | |
| ca | ind | conj | and | |
| kho | ind | emph | indeed | |
| dakkhiṇā | noun | fem.nom.sg | gift | √dakkh×1 a (be able, please) |
| dinnā | pp | fem.nom.sg | given | √dā・1 a (give) |
| saṅghamhi | noun | masc.loc.sg | among the community of monks | √ghaṭ・1 a (join together) |
| supatiṭṭhitā | adj. | fem.nom.sg | well placed; well established | √ṭhā・1 a (stand) |
| dīgharattaṃ | ind | adv | for a long time | |
| hitāya | noun | nt.dat.sg | for the benefit; beneficial | √dhā・1 a (place, support) |
| assa | verb | opt.3rd.sg | it would be | √as・1 a (be) |
| ṭhānaso | ind | adv | right there; immediately | √ṭhā・1 a (stand) |
| upakappati | verb | pr.3rd.sg | is beneficial to; is serving for |
And, indeed, this gift that has been given, [and is] well placed among the community of monks, would be for the benefit for a long time, and [also] is serving immediately.
- VIN PAT NP 10
catukkhattuṃ pañcakkhattuṃ chakkhattuṃ paramaṃ tuṇhībhūto uddissa tiṭṭhamāno taṃ cīvaraṃ abhinipphādeyya, iccetaṃ kusalaṃ
| catukkhattuṃ | ind | adv | four times | |
| pañcakkhattuṃ | ind | adv | five times | |
| chakkhattuṃ | ind | adv | six times | |
| paramaṃ | ind | adv | at the very most | |
| tuṇhībhūto | adj (pp) | masc.nom.sg | silent (here: silently [adv]) | |
| uddissa | ind | adv | for the sake of | √dis・1 ya (point out, explain) |
| tiṭṭhamāno | prp | masc.nom.sg | standing | √ṭhā・1 a (stand) |
| taṃ | pron | nt.acc.sg | that | |
| cīvaraṃ | noun | nt.acc.sg | robe cloth | |
| abhinipphādeyya | verb | opt.3rd.sg | should produce; would come up with | √pad・3 *e (go, step) |
| iccetaṃ | ind | ind+pron | that is (lit: thus this) | |
| kusalaṃ | noun | nt.nom.sg | good |
[If after] (a monk) standing silently for the sake of [it] four times, five times, six times at the most, (a helper) should come up with that robe cloth, that is good.
- TH257 (simpl)
aññathā lokanāthamhi, tiṭṭhante puris'uttame.
iriyā āsi bhikkhūnaṃ, aññathā dāni dissati.
| aññathā | ind | adv | differently; otherwise (lit: in another way) | |
| lokanāthamhi | noun | masc.loc.sg (loc abs) | when the Protector of the world (i.e. the Buddha) | |
| tiṭṭhante | prp | masc.loc.sg (loc abs) | when standing; remaining; persisting | √ṭhā・1 a (stand) |
| puris'uttame | noun | masc.loc.sg (loc abs) | when the highest of men |
It was different when the Protector of the world, the supreme man, was still alive,
| iriyā | noun | fem.nom.sg | way of living; conduct | |
| āsi | verb | aor.3rd.sg | was | √as・1 a (be) |
| bhikkhūnaṃ | noun | masc.gen.pl | of the monks | √bhikkh・1 a (beg) |
| aññathā | ind | adv | differently; otherwise | |
| dāni | ind | adv | now | |
| dissati | verb. pass | pr.3rd.sg | is seen; is observed | √dis・1 ya (see) |
conduct of the monks was different; now [it] is seen [to be] otherwise.
- DHP265
yo ca sameti pāpāni, aṇuṃ thūlāni sabbaso, samitattā hi pāpānaṃ, samaṇo'ti pavuccati.
| yo | pron | masc.nom.sg | he who | |
| ca | ind | conj | and | |
| sameti | verb | pr.3rd.sg | calms down; make subside; stills | √sam・3 *e (be calm, tired) |
| pāpāni | noun | nt.acc.pl | evil deeds | |
| aṇuṃ | adj | nt.acc.sg | small; miniscule | pl in meaning |
| thūlāni | adj | nt.acc.pl | gross; large | |
| sabbaso | ind | adv | completely; altogether | |
| samitattā | noun | nt.abl.sg (+gen) | because of the calming; subsiding | √sam・3 *e (be calm, tired) |
| hi | ind | emph | indeed; truly | |
| pāpānaṃ | noun | nt.gen.pl | of evil deeds | |
| samaṇo'ti | noun | masc.nom.sg +quotation marks | "an ascetic"; "a renunciant" | √sam・3 ya (exert, strive) |
| pavuccati | verb. pass | pr.3rd.sg | is called; is said to be | √vac・1 ya (say, speak) |
He [is one] who makes subside evil deeds, [both] miniscule and large; because of the subsiding completely of evil deeds, he is indeed called "an ascetic."
- SNP22
uṭṭhahatha nisīdatha, ko attho supitena vo,
āturānaṃ hi kā niddā, sallaviddhānaṃ ruppataṃ.
| uṭṭhahatha | verb | imp.2nd.pl | you must get up; arouse yourselves! | √ṭhā・1 a (stand) |
| nisīdatha | verb | imp.2nd.pl | you must sit; sit up! | √sad・1 a (sink, sit, settle) |
| ko | pron | masc.nom.sg | what | |
| attho | noun | masc.nom.sg | meaning; benefit | |
| supitena | noun | nt.instr.sg | by sleep | √sup・1 a (lie down, sleep) |
| vo | pron | 2nd.dat.pl | for you | |
| āturānaṃ | adj | masc.dat.pl | for the diseased | √tur・1 a (hurt, be sick) |
| hi | ind | emph | indeed | |
| kā | pron | fem.nom.sg | what | |
| niddā | noun | fem.nom.sg | sleep | √dā・3 ya (sleep) |
| sallaviddhānaṃ | adj | masc.gen.pl (gen abs) | when pierced by an arrow | |
| ruppataṃ | prp | masc.gen.pl (gen abs) | when those being hurt | √rup・3 ya (be broken apart, hurt) |
Arouse yourselves, sit up! What benefit [is there] for you by sleeping; What indeed is sleep for the afflicted, when they are being hurt, pierced by an arrow.
- AN9.11
taggha taṃ, bhikkhu, accayo accagamā yathābālaṃ yathāmūḷhaṃ yathāakusalaṃ, yo tvaṃ sāriputtaṃ asatā tucchā musā abhūtena abbhācikkhi
| taggha | ind | emph | truly; surely | |
| taṃ | pron | 2nd.acc.sg | you | |
| bhikkhu | noun | masc.voc.sg | o monk | √bhikkh・1 a (beg) |
| accayo | noun | masc.nom.sg | fault; offence | √i・1 a (come, go) |
| accagamā | verb | imperf.3rd.sg | overcame; conquered (idiom: a fault overcame you - i.e. you are at fault) | √gam・1 a (go) |
| yathābālaṃ | ind | adv | so foolishly | |
| yathāmūḷhaṃ | ind | adv | so misguidedly | |
| yo | pron | masc.nom.sg | who; that which | |
| tvaṃ | pron | 2nd.nom.sg | you | |
| sāriputtaṃ | noun | masc.acc.sg | Sāriputta | |
| asatā | ind | adv | falsely; unjustly | √as・1 a (be) |
| tucchā | ind | adv | baselessly; groundlessly; emptily | |
| musā | ind | adv | untruthfully | √mus・3 ya (lie, forget) |
| abhūtena | ind | adv | falsely; untruthfully | √bhū・1 a (be, become) |
| abbhācikkhi | verb | aor.3rd.sg | slandered; misrepresented | √cikkh・1 a (show, tell) |
O monk, truly you are at fault, you who so foolishly, so misguidedly, so unskilfully, unjustly, baselessly, untruthfully and falsely slandered Sāriputta.
- DHP201
jayaṃ veraṃ pasavati, dukkhaṃ seti parājito,
upasanto sukhaṃ seti, hitvā jayaparājayaṃ.
| jayaṃ | noun | nt.nom.sg | victory | √ji・1 a (conquer) |
| veraṃ | noun | nt.acc.sg | ill-will | √vīr×8 *e (be heroic, hostile) |
| pasavati | verb | pr.3rd.sg | produces; generates (lit: flows forth) | √su・1 a (flow) |
| dukkhaṃ | ind | adv | badly; with difficulty | √dukkh・1 a (be painful) |
| seti | verb | pr.3rd.sg | sleeps; rests | √sī・1 a (lie, sleep) |
| parājito | pp | masc.nom.sg | conquered; defeated | √ji・1 a (conquer) |
Victory generates ill-will, the conquered one sleeps with difficulty,
| upasanto | pp | masc.nom.sg | the one who is composed; at peace | √sam・3 ya (be calm, tired) |
| sukhaṃ | ind | adv | comfortably | √sukh・1 a (please, be comfortable) |
| seti | verb | pr.3rd.sg | sleeps; rests | √sī・1 a (lie, sleep) |
| hitvā | verb | abs | having abandoned; having left behind | √hā・1 a (abandon) |
| jayaparājayaṃ | noun | masc.acc.sg | victory and defeat |
The one who is at peace sleeps comfortably, having left behind victory and defeat.
- UD10
tato tvaṃ, bāhiya, na tena; yato tvaṃ, bāhiya, na tena tato tvaṃ, bāhiya, na tattha; yato tvaṃ, bāhiya, na tattha, tato tvaṃ, bāhiya, n'eva idha na huraṃ na ubhayam'antarena. es'ev'anto dukkhassā"ti.
| tato | ind | adv | therefore | |
| tvaṃ | pron | 2nd.nom.sg | you | |
| bāhiya | noun | masc.voc.sg | Bāhiya | |
| na | ind | neg | not | |
| tena | pron | nt.instr.sg | with that, by that |
"Therefore, Bāhiya, you [won't be] with that;
| yato | ind | adv | since; because | |
| tvaṃ | pron | 2nd.nom.sg | you | |
| bāhiya | noun | masc.voc.sg | Bāhiya | |
| na | ind | neg | not | |
| tena | pron | nt.instr.sg | with that, by that | |
| tato | ind | adv | therefore | |
| tvaṃ | pron | 2nd.nom.sg | you | |
| bāhiya | noun | masc.voc.sg | Bāhiya | |
| na | ind | neg | not | |
| tattha | ind | adv | there |
because you [are] not with that, therefore, you, Bāhiya, [will] not [be] there.
| yato | ind | adv | since; because | |
| tvaṃ | pron | 2nd.nom.sg | you | |
| bāhiya | noun | masc.voc.sg | Bāhiya | |
| na | ind | neg | not | |
| tattha | ind | adv | there |
Since, you, Bāhiya, [are] not there,
| tato | ind | adv | therefore | |
| tvaṃ | pron | 2nd.nom.sg | you | |
| bāhiya | noun | masc.voc.sg | Bāhiya | |
| n'eva | sandhi | ind+ind | not just; not only; neither | |
| idha | ind | adv | here | |
| na | ind | neg | not; but also not | |
| huraṃ | ind | adv | there; in another world | |
| na | ind | neg | not; nor | |
| ubhayam'antarena | ind | adv | in-between the two | |
| es'ev'anto | sandhi | pron+ind+masc (+gen) | just this is the end | |
| dukkhassā"ti | noun | nt.gen.sg +end quote | of suffering" | √dukkh・1 a (be painful) |
therefore, you, Bāhiya, [are] neither not here, nor in another world, nor in-between the two; just this is the end of suffering."