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Class 4 Key to Exercises

Class 4 Key to Exercises

  1. DHP026 (simpl)
    bālā pamādaṃ anuyuñjanti
Pāli POS Grammar English
bālā noun masc.nom.pl fools
pamādaṃ noun masc.acc.sg carelessness; negligence
anuyuñjanti verb pr.3rd.pl indulge in

Fools indulge in negligence.

  1. AN3.66 (simpl)
    sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjāmi
       
sugatiṃ noun fem.acc.sg a good destination
saggaṃ adj masc.acc.sg heavenly
lokaṃ noun masc.acc.sg world; plane of existence
upapajjāmi verb pr.1st sg I am reborn; I go towards

I go towards a good destination, a heavenly plane of existence.

  1. AN3.70
    abhisaṅkharoti kāyena kusalaṃ.
       
abhisaṅkharoti verb pr.3rd.sg he does; performs
kāyena noun masc.instr.sg by means of the body
kusalaṃ noun nt.acc.sg good deed; merit; benefit

He does good deeds by means of the body.

  1. DN22.5
    ime sālī ime vīhī ime muggā ime māsā ime tilā ime taṇḍulā'ti
       
ime pron masc.nom.pl these
sālī noun masc.nom.pl fine rices
ime pron masc.nom.pl these
vīhī noun masc.nom.pl paddy
ime pron masc.nom.pl these
muggā noun masc.nom.pl mung beans
ime pron masc.nom.pl these
māsā noun masc.nom.pl speckled beans
ime pron masc.nom.pl these
tilā noun masc.nom.pl sesame
ime pron masc.nom.pl these
taṇḍulā'ti noun masc.nom.pl dehusked rice""
(honti) verb pr.3rd.pl (these are)

"These are fine rices, these are paddy, these are mung beans, these are speckled beans, these are sesame, these are dehusked rice."

  1. UD45
    atha kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi
       
atha kho idiom ind and then
bhagavā noun masc.nom.sg Blessed One
bhikkhū noun masc.acc.pl monks
āmantesi verb aor.3rd.sg he spoke to, addressed

And then the Blessed One addressed the monks.

  1. SN21.9 (simpl)
    atha kho āyasmā tisso upasaṅkami, ekamantaṃ nisīdi.
       
atha kho idiom ind and then
āyasmā noun masc.nom.sg venerable
tisso noun masc.nom.sg Tissa
upasaṅkami, verb aor.3rd.sg he approached
ekamantaṃ ind adv on one side
nisīdi. verb aor.3rd.sg he sat

And then Venerable Tissa approached and sat down to one side.

  1. SN35.121
    āyasmā rāhulo bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandi
       
āyasmā noun masc.nom.sg venerable
rāhulo noun masc.nom.sg Rahula
bhagavato noun masc.gen.sg of the Buddha
bhāsitaṃ noun nt.acc.sg words, speech
abhinandi verb aor.3rd.sg delighted in, was happy with

Venerable Rahula delighted in the speech of the Blessed One.

  1. MN39 (simpl)
    ahaṃ sakamhā gāmā amuṃ gāmaṃ agacchiṃ
       
ahaṃ pron 1st.nom.sg I
sakamhā adj masc.abl.sg from my own
gāmā noun masc.abl.sg from village
amuṃ pron masc.acc.sg such and such
gāmaṃ noun masc.acc.sg village
agacchiṃ verb aor.1st.sg I went

I went from my own village to such and such a village.

  1. AN5.57
    byādhi dhammo amhi
       
byādhi noun masc.nom.sg sickness
dhammo noun masc.nom.sg nature
amhi verb pr.1st.sg I am

I am of the nature to get sick. (lit. I am of the sickness nature)

  1. MN39
    samaṇā amhā'ti paṭijānātha
       
samaṇā noun masc.nom.pl renunciants; ascetics
amha- verb pr.1st.pl we are
iti ind   ""
paṭijānātha verb pr.2nd.pl you all claim, agree

You all claim, "We are ascetics."

  1. MN39 (simpl)
    tatra evaṃ aṭṭhāsiṃ evaṃ nisīdiṃ evaṃ abhāsiṃ evaṃ tuṇhī ahosiṃ
       
tatra ind adv there
evaṃ ind adv like this
aṭṭhāsiṃ verb aor.1st.sg I stood
evaṃ ind adv like this
nisīdiṃ verb aor.1st.sg I sat
evaṃ ind adv like this
abhāsiṃ verb aor.1st.sg I spoke
evaṃ ind adv like this
tuṇhī ind adv silent
ahosiṃ verb aor.1st.sg I was

There I stood like this, I sat like this, I spoke like this and I remained silent like this.

  1. SN2.8 (simpl)
    chinda sotaṃ parakkama, kāme panūda brāhmaṇa
       
chinda verb imp.2nd.sg cross, lit. cut
sotaṃ noun masc.acc.sg the stream
parakkama verb imp.2nd.sg strive; endeavor
kāme noun masc.acc.pl sensual pleasures
panūda verb imp.2nd.sg dispel
brāhmaṇa noun masc.voc.sg O brahmin, holy man

Cross the stream, strive, dispel sensual pleasures, O holy man!

  1. SN56.11
    paññā udapādi vijjā udapādi āloko udapādi
       
paññā noun fem.nom.sg wisdom
udapādi verb aor.3rd.sg arose
vijjā noun fem.nom.sg knowledge
udapādi verb aor.3rd.sg arose
āloko noun masc.nom.sg light
udapādi verb aor.3rd.sg arose

Wisdom arose, knowledge arose, light arose.

  1. SN22.59 (simpl)
    evaṃ me saṅkhārā hontu
       
evaṃ adv ind thus; like this
me pron 1st.gen.sg my; mine
saṅkhārā noun masc.nom.pl volitional formations
hontu verb imp.3rd.pl let them be

Let my volitional formations be thus.

  1. SN22.59
    bhikkhū bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinanduṃ
       
bhikkhū noun masc.nom.pl the monks
bhagavato noun masc.gen.sg of the Blessed One
bhāsitaṃ noun masc.acc.sg the utterance; the speech
abhinanduṃ verb aor.3rd.pl they were pleased with (+acc)

The monks were pleased with the utterance of the Blessed One.

  1. SN12.2 (simpl)
    dukkhassa khandhassa samudayo hoti
       
dukkhassa noun nt.gen.sg of suffering
khandhassa noun masc.gen.sg of the mass
samudayo noun masc.nom.sg the arising
hoti verb pr.3rd.sg there is

There is the arising of the mass of suffering.

  1. DHP153 (simpl)
    gahassa kāraka, diṭṭho asi
       
gahassa noun masc.gen.sg of a house
kāraka noun masc.voc.sg builder
diṭṭho pp masc.nom.sg seen; found; visible
asi verb pr.2nd.sg you are

O, Builder of a house, you are seen.

  1. MN10 (simpl)
    ‘atthi kāyo'ti sati hoti.
       
atthi verb pr.3rd.sg there is
kāyo noun masc.nom.sg a body
iti ind   ""
sati noun fem.nom.sg mindfulness
hoti verb pr.3rd.sg there is

There is mindfulness: "there is a body."

  1. VIN2.5.1.2
    "santi idha ekacce khattiyā ca brāhmaṇā"ti bhaṇati
       
santi verb pr.3rd.pl there are
idha adv ind here; in this world
ekacce pron masc.nom.pl some; a few; certain
khattiyā noun masc.nom.pl noblemen
ca ind conj and
brāhmaṇā noun masc.nom.pl brahmins
iti ind   ""
bhaṇati verb pr.3rd.sg he says

He says, "There are here some noblemen [and] brahmins."

  1. MN39 (simpl)
    me āsi kāye balaṃ
       
me pron 1st.gen.sg my
āsi verb aor.3rd.sg was
kāye noun masc.loc.sg in the body
balaṃ noun nt.nom.sg power, strength

Power was in my body.

  1. AN4.48 (simpl)
    paggaṇhahi isīnaṃ dhajaṃ
       
paggaṇhahi verb imp.2nd.sg raise up
isīnaṃ noun masc.gen.pl of the sages
dhajaṃ noun masc.acc.sg a banner

Raise up a banner of the sages!

  1. SN46.53 (simpl)
    bhikkhū paribbājakehi sammodiṃsu
       
bhikkhū noun masc.nom.pl the monks
paribbājakehi noun masc.instr.pl with the wandering ascetics
sammodiṃsu verb aor.3rd.pl they greeted; exchanged pleasantries

The monks exchanged pleasantries with the wandering ascetics.

  1. MN95 (simpl)
    saccaṃ bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ apucchimha, saccaṃ bhavaṃ gotamo byākāsi
       
saccaṃ noun nt.acc.sg the truth
bhavantaṃ noun masc.acc.sg master, sir
gotamaṃ noun masc.acc.sg Gotama
apucchimha verb aor.1st.pl we asked
saccaṃ noun nt.acc.sg the truth
bhavaṃ noun masc.nom.sg master, sir
gotamo noun masc.nom.sg Gotama
byākāsi verb aor.3rd.sg explained; answered

We asked master Gotama (about) the truth, master Gotama explained the truth.

  1. SN22.59
    bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ
       
bhikkhū noun masc.nom.pl the monks
bhagavato noun masc.dat.sg to the Blessed One
paccassosuṃ verb aor.3rd.pl replied

The monks replied to the Blessed One.

  1. AN3.156
    arogā sukhitā hotha
       
arogā adj masc.nom.pl free from disease, healthy
sukhitā adj masc.nom.pl happy, at ease
hotha verb imp.2nd.pl may you all be

May you all be happy (and) free from disease.

  1. MN86 (simpl)
    coro ahaṃ pure āsiṃ, aṅgulimālo vissuto … buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ āgamiṃ.
       
coro noun masc.nom.sg a thief
ahaṃ pron 1st.nom.sg I
pure adv ind formerly; previously; in the past
āsiṃ verb aor.1st.sg I was
aṅgulimālo noun masc.nom.sg Angulimāla; lit. garland of fingers
vissuto adj masc.nom.sg famous, renowned
buddhaṃ noun masc.acc.sg The Buddha
saraṇaṃ noun nt.acc.sg refuge
āgamiṃ verb aor.1st.sg I came to

I was formerly a thief, the famous Angulimāla… I came to the Buddha (for) refuge.

  1. AN5.28 (simpl)
    ariyassa samādhissa bhāvanaṃ desesiṃ
       
ariyassa adj masc.gen.sg of noble
samādhissa noun masc.gen.sg stillness, composure
bhāvanaṃ noun fem.acc.sg the cultivation; the development
desesiṃ verb aor.1st.sg I taught; preached

I taught the cultivation of noble composure.

  1. DN16.39
    upaddutā homa — "idaṃ kappati, idaṃ na kappati" iti
       
upaddutā pp masc.nom.pl afflicted, troubled
homa verb pr.1st.pl we are
idaṃ pron nt.nom.sg this
kappati verb pr.3rd.sg is suitable
idaṃ pron nt.nom.sg this
na ind neg not
kappati verb pr.3rd.sg is suitable
iti ind   (end of quote)

We are troubled – "this is suitable, this is not suitable"

Class 4 Extra

  1. MN98
    kassako kammunā hoti, sippiko hoti kammunā,
    vāṇijo kammunā hoti, pessako hoti kammunā.
Pāli POS Grammar English
kassako noun masc.nom.sg farmer
kammunā noun nt.instr.sg by action
hoti verb pr.3rd.sg he is
sippiko noun masc.nom.sg craftsman
hoti verb pr.3rd.sg he is
kammunā noun nt.instr.sg by action
vāṇijo noun masc.nom.sg merchant
kammunā noun nt.instr.sg by action
hoti verb pr.3rd.sg he is
pessako noun masc.nom.sg messenger
hoti verb pr.3rd.sg he is
kammunā noun nt.instr.sg by action

By one's actions, one is a farmer, a craftsman, a trader, a messenger

  1. DHP183
    nibbindati dukkhe esa maggo visuddhiyā
       
nibbindati verb pr.3rd.sg one is disenchanted
dukkhe noun masc.loc.sg in suffering
esa pron masc.nom.sg this
maggo noun masc.nom.sg path
visuddhiyā noun fem.dat.sg for purification

One is disenchanted in suffering, this [is] the path for purification.

  1. TH257 (simpl)
    evaṃ gāme muni cari
       
evaṃ adv ind thus, like this
game noun masc.loc.sg in the village
muni noun masc.nom.sg the sage
cari verb aor.3rd.sg walked

The sage walked in the village like this.

  1. MN107 (simpl)
    kāyassa saṃvarāya paṭipajjāhi, rakkhāhi kāyaṃ, kāye saṃvaraṃ āpajjāhi.
       
kāyassa noun masc.gen.sg of the body
saṃvarāya noun masc.dat.sg for the restraint
paṭipajjāhi verb imp.2nd.sg practice
rakkhāhi verb Imp.2nd.sg guard
kāyaṃ noun masc.acc.sg the body
kāye noun masc.loc.sg in regard to the body
saṃvaraṃ noun masc.acc.sg restraint
āpajjāhi verb imp.2nd.sg arouse

Practice for restraint of the body (faculty), guard the body (faculty),
arouse restraint in regard to the body (faculty).

  1. SN35.28
    ādittaṃ rāga-agginā, dosa-agginā, moha-agginā
       
ādittaṃ pp nt.nom.sg blazing; burning
rāga- noun   (of) lust
agginā noun masc.instr.sg with the fire
dosa- noun   (of) hatred
agginā noun masc.instr.sg with the fire
moha- noun   (of) delusion
agginā noun masc.instr.sg with the fire

It is burning with the fire of lust, with the fire of hatred, with the fire of delusion.

  1. TH257 (modif)
    samaṇassa ahu vitakko
       
samaṇassa noun masc.gen.sg of the recluse
ahu verb aor.3rd.sg it was
vitakko noun masc.nom.sg a thought

It was a thought of the recluse.