Class 9 Key to Exercises
Class 9 Key to Exercises¶
- VIN0
āraddhaṃ kho pana me, brāhmaṇa, vīriyaṃ ahosi.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English | Root |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| āraddhaṃ | pp | nt.nom.sg | aroused, begun | √rabh・1 a (begin) |
| kho | ind | emph | indeed, truly | |
| pana | ind | conj | and | |
| me | pron | 1st.instr.sg | by me | |
| brāhmaṇa | noun | masc.voc.sg | Brahman | √brah×1 a (increase) |
| vīriyaṃ | noun | nt.nom.sg | energy, effort | √vīr×8 *e (be heroic, hostile) |
| ahosi | verb | aor.3rd.sg | it was | √hū・1 a (be) |
Effort was truly aroused by me, Brahman.
- MN9
dūrato mayaṃ āgaccheyyāma āyasmato sāriputtassa santike etassa bhāsitassa atthaṃ aññātuṃ
| dūrato | ind | adv | from far away | √dū×1 a (go, run) |
| mayaṃ | pron | 1st.nom.pl | we | |
| āgaccheyyāma | verb | opt.1st.pl | we would come | √gam・1 a (go) |
We would come from far away
| āyasmato | noun | masc.gen.sg. | of venerable | √i・1 a (come, go) |
| sāriputtassa | noun | masc.gen.sg. | of the Son of Sari | |
| santike | ind | prep [+gen] | near to, in the presence |
in the presence of Ven. Sāriputta
| etassa | pron | nt.gen.sg | of this | |
| bhāsitassa | noun | nt.gen.sg | of speech, saying | √bhās・1 a (speak) |
| atthaṃ | noun | masc.acc.sg | meaning | √ar・1 a (move, attain) |
| aññātuṃ | verb | inf | to know, learn | √ñā・5 nā (know) |
To learn the meaning of this saying.
- SN12.61
assutavā puthujjano n'ālaṃ nibbindituṃ n'ālaṃ virajjituṃ n'ālaṃ vimuccituṃ
| assutavā | adj | masc.nom.sg | uneducated; unlearned; uninstructed | √su・4 ṇā (hear) |
| puthujjano | noun | masc.nom.sg | common man; ordinary person | |
| nālaṃ | ind | neg | not possible; not able | |
| nibbindituṃ | verb | inf | to become disenchanted | √vid・2 ṃa (feel, like) |
| nālaṃ | ind | - | not possible; not able | |
| virajjituṃ | verb | inf | to become dispassionate | √raj・3 ya (desire) |
| nālaṃ | ind | - | not possible; not able | |
| vimuccituṃ | verb | inf | to become free; to be liberated | √muc・2 ya (release, free) |
An uneducated common person [is] not able to become disenchanted, [is] not able to become dispassionate, [is] not able to become free.
- AN3.112
tīṇi imāni, bhikkhave, nidānāni kammānaṃ samudayāya. katamāni tīṇi?
| tīṇi | card | nt.nom.pl | three | |
| imāni | pron | nt.nom.pl | these | |
| bhikkhave | noun | masc.voc.pl | monks | √bhikkh・1 a (beg) |
| nidānāni | noun | nt.nom.pl | sources, causes | √dā・3 ya (tie, bind) |
| kammānaṃ | noun | nt.gen.pl | of actions, of kamma | √kar・7 o (do, make) |
| samudayāya. | noun | masc.dat.sg | for the arising | √i・1 a (come, go) |
Monks, [there are] these three origins for the arising of kamma.
- SN22.59
yaṃ aniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ, kallaṃ nu taṃ samanupassituṃ, etaṃ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā'ti?
| yaṃ | pron | nt.acc.sg | whatever | |
| aniccaṃ | adj | nt.acc.sg | not stable, impermanent | |
| dukkhaṃ | adj | nt.acc.sg | unsatisfactory | √dukkh・1 a (be painful) |
| vipariṇāma- dhammaṃ |
adj | nt.acc.sg | changing-nature; subject to change |
Whatever is impermanent, unsatisfactory, subject to change
| kallaṃ | ind | - | is it suitable? | |
| taṃ | pron | nt.acc.sg | that | |
| samanupassituṃ | ind | inf | to see, to regard, to consider | √dis・1 a (see) |
Is it suitable to regard that [as]:
- etaṃ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā'ti?
"this is mine, I am this, this is my self"?
- AN4.42
cattāri imāni, bhikkhave, pañha-vyākaraṇāni . katamāni cattāri?
| cattāri | card | nt.nom.pl | four | |
| imāni | pron | nt.nom.pl | these | |
| bhikkhave | noun | masc.voc.pl | monks | √bhikkh・1 a (beg) |
| pañha- | noun | masc | question | √pañh・1 a (ask, question) |
| vyākaraṇāni. | noun | nt.nom.pl | answering; replying | √kar・7 o (do, make) |
| katamāni | pron | nt.nom.pl | what? | |
| cattāri | card | nt.nom.pl | four |
Monks, [there are] these four [ways] [of] answering questions. What four?
- AN3.66
alaṃ hi vo, kālāmā, kaṅkhituṃ alaṃ vicikicchituṃ
| alaṃ | ind | impers | it is suitable | |
| hi | ind | emph | definitely | |
| vo | pron | 2nd.dat.pl | for you all | |
| kālāmā | noun | masc.voc.pl | Kalamas | |
| kaṅkhituṃ | ind | inf | to doubt | √kaṅkh・1 a (doubt) |
| alaṃ | ind | - | it is suitable | |
| vicikicchituṃ | verb | inf | to be unsure, be confused | √cit・8 cha (think, intend) |
It is definitely suitable for you, Kalamas, to doubt, it is suitable to be unsure.
- MN13
atha kho tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi, atippago sāvatthiyaṃ piṇḍāya carituṃ, yaṃ nūna mayaṃ yena paribbājakānaṃ ārāmo tena upasaṅkameyyāmā'ti
| atha kho | ind | adv | and then | |
| tesaṃ | pron | masc.dat.pl | to those, for those | |
| bhikkhūnaṃ | noun | masc.dat.pl | to monks | √bhikkh・1 a (beg) |
| etad | pron | nt.nom.sg | this | |
| ahosi | verb | aor.3rd.sg | it was (this thought occurred to) | √hū・1 a (be) |
And then, this [thought] occurred to those monks
| atippago | ind | adv | too early, too soon | |
| sāvatthiyaṃ | noun | fem.loc.sg | in Sāvatthi | |
| piṇḍāya | noun | masc.dat.sg | for alms | √piṇḍ・8 *e (collect) |
| carituṃ | verb | inf [+loc] | to walk | √car・1 a (move, walk) |
It's too early to walk for alms in Sāvatthi
| yaṃ nūna | pron+ind | interr | what if, let's | |
| mayaṃ | pron | 1st.nom.pl | we | |
| yena | ind | adv | where | |
| paribbājakānaṃ | noun | masc.gen.pl | of the wandering ascetics | √vaj・1 a (go on) |
| ārāmo | noun | masc.nom.sg | park | √ram・1 a (delight, please) |
| tena | ind | adv | there | |
| upasaṅkameyyāma | verb | opt.1st.pl | we could approach | √kam・1 a (go) |
| ‘ti | ind | quote | "" |
Let us approach the park of the wandering ascetics.
- MN39
seyyathāpi bhikkhave puriso odātena vatthena sasīsaṃ pārupetvā nisinno assa
| seyyathāpi | ind | pron+adv+ind | just like; imagine if | |
| bhikkhave | noun | masc.voc.pl | monks | √bhikkh・1 a (beg) |
| puriso | noun | masc.nom.sg | man | |
| odātena | adj | nt.instr.sg | with a white | √dā・3 ya (be pure, clean) |
| vatthena | noun | nt.instr.sg | with a cloth | √vas・8 *e (wear, dress) |
| sasīsaṃ | ind | adv | up to the head | |
| pārupetvā | verb | abs | having covered; having wrapped oneself | √var・1 *e (cover, dress, restrain) |
| nisinno | pp | masc.nom.sg | seated, sat down | √sad・1 a (sink, sit, settle) |
| assa | verb | opt.3rd.sg | he would be | √as・1 a (be) |
Imagine if, monks, a man would be seated, covered with a white cloth up to the head.
- DN5.2
samaṇo gotamo arahati bhavantaṃ kūṭadantaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamituṃ
| samaṇo | noun | masc.nom.sg | the recluse | √sam・3 ya (exert, strive) |
| gotamo | noun | masc.nom.sg | gotama | |
| arahati | verb | pr.3rd.sg | should; ought (to) | √arah・1 a (deserve, be worthy) |
| bhavantaṃ | noun | masc.acc.sg | master, sir | √bhū・1 a (be, become) |
| kūṭadantaṃ | noun | masc.acc.sg | Kūṭadanta; lit. crooked tooth | |
| dassanāya | noun | masc.dat.sg [dat of purpose] | to see; to look at | √dis・1 a (see) |
| upasaṅkamituṃ | verb | inf | to visit; to approach | √kam・1 a (go) |
The recluse Gotama ought to visit sir Kūṭadanta to see him.
- MN13
atha kho te bhikkhū sāvatthiyaṃ piṇḍāya caritvā …
| atha | ind | ind | after | |
| kho | ind | ind | that | |
| te | pron | masc.nom.pl | those | |
| bhikkhū | noun | masc.nom.pl | monks | √bhikkh・1 a (beg |
| sāvatthiyaṃ | noun | fem.loc.sg | in Sāvatthi | |
| piṇḍāya | noun | masc.dat.sg [dat of purpose] | for alms food | √piṇḍ・8 *e (collect) |
| caritvā | verb | abs | having walked | √car・1 a (move, walk) |
After that, those monks, having walked for alms food in Sāvatthi…
- MN107 (simpl)
aṇumattesu vajjesu bhayaṃ dassāvī, samādāya sikkhāhi sikkhāpadesu
| aṇumattesu | adj | nt.loc.pl | in the tiniest; smallest | |
| vajjesu | noun | nt.loc.pl | in faults [lit: to be avoided] | √vajj・8 *e (turn, avoid) |
| bhayaṃ | noun | nt.acc.sg | danger | √bhī・1 a (fear) |
| dassāvī | adj | masc.nom.sg | seeing; knowing | √dis・1 a (see) |
| samādāya | verb | ger | undertaking; taking up | √ādā・3 ya (take, seize) |
| sikkhāhi | verb | imp.2nd.sg | train yourself | √sikkh・1 a (learn, train) |
| sikkhāpadesu | noun | nt.loc.pl | in the training rules | √sikkh・1 a (learn, train) |
Seeing danger in the slightest fault, train yourself [by] undertaking the training precepts.
- MN38
ahesumha nu kho mayaṃ atītam'addhānaṃ, nanu kho ahesumha atītam'addhānaṃ, kiṃ nu kho ahesumha atītam'addhānaṃ?
| ahesumha | verb | aor.1st.pl | we were | √hū・1 a (be) |
| nu kho | ind | interr | does? is? were? | |
| mayaṃ | pron | 1st.nom.pl | we | |
| atītam'addhānaṃ | ind | adv | in the past; previously | |
| nanu | ind | neg emph | is it not? wouldn't it? | |
| kho | ind | emph | indeed; surely | |
| ahesumha | verb | aor.1st.pl | we were | √hū・1 a (be) |
| atītam'addhānaṃ | ind | adv | in the past; previously | |
| kiṃ nu kho | idiom | pron+ind | why on earth? how indeed? what indeed? | |
| ahesumha | verb | aor.1st.pl | we were | √hū・1 a (be) |
| atītam'addhānaṃ | ind | adv | in the past; previously |
Were we in the past? Were we not in the past? What indeed were we in the past?
- DN16.21
taṃ assa bahujanahitāya bahujanasukhāya lok'ānukampāya atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṃ
| taṃ | pron | nt.nom.sg | that | |
| assa | verb | opt.3rd.sg | would be | √as・1 a (be) |
| bahujanahitāya | noun | nt.dat.sg [dat of purpose] | for the benefit of many people | |
| bahujanasukhāya | noun | nt.dat.sg [dat of purpose] | for the happiness of many people | |
| lok'ānukampāya | noun | fem.instr.sg | because of the compassion for the world | |
| atthāya | noun | masc.dat.sg | for the benefit | √ar・1 a (move, attain) |
| hitāya | noun | nt.dat.sg | for the advantage | √dhā・1 a (place, support) |
| sukhāya | noun | nt.dat.sg | for the comfort of | √sukh・1 a (please, be comfortable) |
| devamanussānaṃ | noun | masc.gen.pl | of gods and humans |
That would be for the benefit [and] the happiness of many people, out of compassion for the world, [it would be] for the benefit, advantage and comfort of gods and humans.
- MN107
sakkā nu kho, bho gotama, imasmiṃ dhammavinaye evam'eva anupubbasikkhā anupubbakiriyā anupubbapaṭipadā paññapetuṃ?
| sakkā | ind | adv (+inf) | it is possible | √sak・4 ṇo (be able, powerful) |
| nu kho | idiom | interr | is it? | |
| bho | noun | masc.voc.sg | master | √bhū・1 a (be, become) |
| gotama | noun | masc.voc.sg | Gotama | |
| imasmiṃ | pron | masc.loc.sg | in this | |
| dhammavinaye | noun | masc.loc.sg | in Doctrine and Discipline | |
| evam'eva | idiom | ind | similarly; in the same way | |
| anupubbasikkhā | noun | fem.acc.pl | gradual training[s] | |
| anupubbakiriyā | noun | fem.acc.pl | gradual undertaking[s]; step-by-step activity | |
| anupubbapaṭipadā | noun | fem.acc.pl | gradual way[s]; gradual progress | |
| paññapetuṃ | verb | inf | to define; to describe [lit: to make known] | √ñā・5 *āpe (know) |
Master Gotama, is it possible, similarly, to describe gradual training, gradual undertaking, gradual progress in this Doctrine-and-Discipline?
- DN16.21
seyyathidaṃ — cattāro satipaṭṭhānā cattāro sammappadhānā cattāro iddhipādā pañc'indriyāni pañca balāni satta bojjh'aṅgā ariyo aṭṭh'aṅgiko maggo.
| seyyathidaṃ | ind | idiom | i.e.; as follows; lit. (like) that like this | |
| cattāro | card | masc.nom.pl | four | |
| satipaṭṭhānā | noun | masc.nom.pl | foundations of mindfulness | |
| cattāro | card | nt.nom.pl | four | |
| sammappadhānā | noun | nt.nom.pl | right efforts; right striving | |
| cattāro | card | masc.nom.pl | four | |
| iddhipādā | noun | masc.nom.pl | bases for psychic power | |
| pañc'indriyāni | noun | nt.nom.pl | five faculties | |
| pañca | card | x.nom.pl | five | |
| balāni | noun | nt.nom.pl | mental powers | |
| satta | card | x.nom.pl | seven | |
| bojjh'aṅgā | noun | masc.nom.pl | enlightenment factors; factors of enlightenment | |
| ariyo | adj | masc.nom.sg | noble | |
| aṭṭh'aṅgiko | adj | masc.nom.sg | eightfold | |
| maggo | noun | masc.nom.sg | path | √magg・8 *e (seek, search) |
[They are] as follows: four foundations of mindfulness, four right efforts, four bases for psychic power, five faculties, five mental powers, seven enlightenment factors [and] the Noble Eightfold Path.
- SN12.2
jarā jīraṇatā khaṇḍiccaṃ pāliccaṃ valittacatā āyuno saṃhāni indriyānaṃ paripāko; ayaṃ vuccati jarā.
| jarā | noun | fem.nom.sg | old age; ageing | √jar・1 a (age) |
| jīraṇatā | noun | fem.nom.sg | decrepitude | √jīr・1 a (grow old, decay) |
| khaṇḍiccaṃ | noun | nt.nom.sg | brokenness | √khaṇḍ・8 *e (break) |
| pāliccaṃ | noun | nt.nom.sg | grayness of hair | |
| valittacatā | noun | fem.nom.sg | wrinkled skin | |
| āyuno | noun | nt.gen.sg | of the life force | √i・1 a (come, go) |
| saṃhāni | noun | fem.nom.sg | dwindling; decrease | √hā・3 ya (decrease) |
| indriyānaṃ | noun | nt.gen.pl | of the sense faculties | |
| paripāko | noun | masc.nom.sg | decay; deterioration | |
| ayaṃ | pron | fem.nom.sg | this | |
| vuccati | verb | pr.3rd.sg | is called | √vac・1 ya (say, speak) |
| jarā | noun | fem.nom.sg | old age | √jar・1 a (age) |
Ageing, decrepitude, brokenness, grayness of hair, wrinkled skin, dwindling of the life force, deterioration of the sense faculties; this is called old age.
- SN35.28
ghānasmiṃ api nibbindati gandhesu api nibbindati ghānaviññāṇe api nibbindati ghānasamphasse api nibbindati
| ghānasmiṃ | noun | nt.loc.sg | with regard to the nose | √ghā・3 ya (smell) |
| api | ind | - | also | |
| nibbindati | verb | pr.3rd.sg [+loc] | is disenchanted | √vid・2 ṃa (feel, like) |
| gandhesu | noun | masc.loc.sg | with regard to smell; scent | √ghā・3 ya (smell) |
| api | ind | - | also | |
| nibbindati | verb | pr.3rd.sg | is disenchanted | √vid・2 ṃa (feel, like) |
| ghānaviññāṇe | noun | nt.loc.sg | with regard to nose consciousness | |
| api | ind | - | as well | |
| nibbindati | verb | pr.3rd.sg | is disenchanted | √vid・2 ṃa (feel, like) |
| ghānasamphasse | noun | masc.loc.sg | with regard to contact with the nose; olfactory impression | √ghā・3 ya (smell) |
| api | ind | - | also | |
| nibbindati | verb | pr.3rd.sg | is disenchanted | √vid・2 ṃa (feel, like) |
He is disenchanted with regard to the nose, also with regard to smell, he is disenchanted with regard to nose consciousness as well, he is also disenchanted with regard to nose contact.
- MN27
na sukaraṃ agāraṃ ajjhāvasatā ek'antaparipuṇṇaṃ ek'antaparisuddhaṃ saṅkhalikhitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ carituṃ.
| na | ind | neg | not | |
| sukaraṃ | adj | nt.nom.sg | easily done [idiom: it is not easy to…] | √kar・7 o (do, make) |
| agāraṃ | noun | nt.acc.sg | at home | |
| ajjhāvasatā | noun | masc.nom.sg [+acc] | one who is domestically settled | √vas・1 a (live) |
| ek'antaparipuṇṇaṃ | adj | nt.acc.sg | completely perfect | |
| ek'antaparisuddhaṃ | adj | nt.acc.sg | completely pure | |
| saṅkhalikhitaṃ | adj | nt.acc.sg | polished like mother-of-pearl | |
| brahmacariyaṃ | noun | nt.acc.sg | the holy life | |
| carituṃ | verb | inf | to live | √car・1 a (move, walk) |
It is not easy [for] one domestically settled at home to live the completely perfect, completely pure holy life, polished like mother-of-pearl.
- SN42.6
bhagavā pana, bhante, arahaṃ sammāsambuddho pahoti tathā kātuṃ yathā sabbo loko kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjeyya?
| bhagavā | noun | masc.nom.sg | The Blessed One | √bhaj・1 a (divide, distribute) |
| pana | ind | conj | moreover; but | |
| bhante | noun | masc.voc.sg | Venerable sir | √bhad×1 a (be good, lucky) |
| arahaṃ | noun | masc.nom.sg | Worthy one | √arah・1 a (deserve, be worthy) |
| sammāsambuddho | noun | masc.nom.sg | Perfectly enlightened one | |
| pahoti | verb | pr.3rd.sg | is able to | √hū・1 a (be) |
| tathā | ind | adv | thus; in such a way | |
| kātuṃ | verb | inf | to do; to make | √kar・7 o (do, make) |
| yathā | ind | adv | like; as | |
| sabbo | pron | masc.nom.sg | all | |
| loko | noun | masc.nom.sg | the world | √lok・8 *e (look) |
| kāyassa | noun | masc.gen.sg | of the body | √ci・5 nā (gather, accumulate) |
| bhedā | noun | masc.abl.sg | from the breaking-up | √bhid・2 ṃa (break, split) |
| paraṃ | ind | prep (+abl) | after | |
| maraṇā | noun | nt.abl.sg | from death | √mar・1 a (die) |
| sugatiṃ | noun | fem.acc.sg | a good destination | √gam・1 a (go) |
| saggaṃ | adj | masc.acc.sg | heavenly | √gam・1 a (go) |
| lokaṃ | noun | masc.acc.sg | world | √lok・8 *e (look) |
| upapajjeyya | verb | opt.3rd.sg | would be reborn [lit: would go toward] | √pad・3 ya (go, step) |
Is the Blessed One, the Arahant, the Perfectly Enlightened One able to act in such a way that the whole world, after the breaking up of the body, after death, would be reborn in a good destination, in a heavenly world?
- SN22.33
yaṃ, bhikkhave, na tumhākaṃ, taṃ pajahatha. taṃ vo pahīnaṃ hitāya sukhāya bhavissati. kiñ'ca, bhikkhave, na tumhākaṃ?
| yaṃ | pron | nt.acc.sg | what; whatever | |
| bhikkhave | noun | masc.voc.pl | monks | √bhikkh・1 a (beg) |
| na | ind | neg | not | |
| tumhākaṃ | pron | 2nd.gen.pl | yours | |
| taṃ | pron | nt.acc.sg | that | |
| pajahatha | verb | imp.2nd.pl | abandon | √hā・1 a (abandon) |
| taṃ | pron | nt.nom.sg | that | |
| vo | pron | 2nd.instr.pl | by you | |
| pahīnaṃ | pp | nt.nom.sg | has been abandoned | √hā・1 a (abandon) |
| hitāya | noun | nt.dat.sg | for benefit | √dhā・1 a (place, support) |
| sukhāya | noun | nt.dat.sg | for happiness | √sukh・1 a (please, be comfortable) |
| bhavissati | verb | fut.3rd.sg | it will be | √bhū・1 a (be, become) |
| kiñ'ca | ind | pron+ind interr | and what? | |
| bhikkhave | noun | masc.voc.pl | monks | √bhikkh・1 a (beg) |
| na | ind | neg | not | |
| tumhākaṃ | pron | 2nd.gen.pl | yours |
Whatever is not yours, monks, abandon that; [when] that has been abandoned by you, it will be for [your] benefit and happiness. And what, monks, is not yours?
- MN2.2
‘ahaṃ nu kho asmi? no nu kho asmi? kiṃ nu kho asmi? kathaṃ nu kho asmi? ayaṃ nu kho satto kuto āgato? so kuhiṃ gāmī bhavissati iti?
| ahaṃ | pron | 1st.nom.sg | I | |
| nu | ind | interr | ? | |
| kho | ind | emph | truly | |
| asmi | verb | pr.1st.sg | I am | √as・1 a (be) |
| no | ind | neg | not | |
| nu | ind | interr | ? | |
| kho | ind | emph | truly | |
| asmi | verb | pr.1st.sg | I am | √as・1 a (be) |
| kiṃ | ind | interr | what | |
| nu | ind | interr | ? | |
| kho | ind | emph | truly | |
| asmi | verb | pr.1st.sg | I am | √as・1 a (be) |
| kathaṃ | ind | interr | how?; in what way? | |
| nu | ind | interr | ? | |
| kho | ind | emph | truly | |
| asmi | verb | pr.1st.sg | I am | √as・1 a (be) |
| ayaṃ | pron | masc.nom.sg | this | |
| nu | ind | interr | ? | |
| kho | ind | emph | truly | |
| satto | noun | masc.nom.sg | living being | √as・1 a (be) |
| kuto | ind | interr | from where? | |
| āgato | pp | masc.nom.sg | have come | ā√gam・1 a (go) |
| so | pron | masc.nom.sg | he; that | |
| kuhiṃ | ind | interr | where? | |
| gāmī | adj | masc.nom.sg | going; who goes | √gam・1 a (go) |
| bhavissati | verb | fut.3rd.sg | it will be | √bhū・1 a (be, become) |
| iti | ind | quote | " " |
"Am I? Am I not? What am I? How am I? From where has this living being come? Where will he be heading?"
- SN12.63
atha puriso āgaccheyya jīvitu'kāmo amaritu'kāmo sukhakāmo dukkhappaṭikūlo
| atha | ind | - | then | |
| puriso | noun | masc.nom.sg | a man; a person | |
| āgaccheyya | verb | opt.3rd.sg | could/would come along | √gam・1 a (go) |
| jīvitu'kāmo | adj | masc.nom.sg | wishing to live; wishing to stay alive | |
| amaritu'kāmo | adj | masc.nom.sg | not wishing to die | |
| sukhakāmo | adj | masc.nom.sg | wishing for ease | |
| dukkhappaṭikūlo | adj | masc.nom.sg | averse to suffering |
Then a man would come along, wishing to live, not wishing to die, wishing for ease, averse to suffering.
- MN107
taṃ kiṃ maññasi, brāhmaṇa, idha puriso āgaccheyya rājagahaṃ gantu'kāmo. so taṃ upasaṅkamitvā evaṃ vadeyya, "icchāmi ahaṃ, bhante, rājagahaṃ gantuṃ, tassa me rājagahassa maggaṃ upadisā'ti.
| taṃ | pron | nt.acc.sg | that [not translated] | |
| kiṃ | ind | interr | what | |
| maññasi | verb | pr.2nd.sg | you think | √man・3 ya (think) |
| brāhmaṇa | noun | masc.voc.sg | brahmin | √brah×1 a (increase) |
| idha | ind | adv | here; in this case | |
| puriso | noun | masc.nom.sg | a man | |
| āgaccheyya | verb | opt.3rd.sg | would come along | √gam・1 a (go) |
| rājagahaṃ | noun | masc.acc.sg | Rājagaha | |
| gantu'kāmo | adj | masc.nom.sg [+acc] | wishing to go to | |
| so | pron | masc.nom.sg | he | |
| taṃ | pron | 2nd.acc.sg | you (object) | |
| upasaṅkamitvā | verb | abs | having approached | √kam・1 a (go) |
| evaṃ | ind | adv | thus; in this way | |
| vadeyya | verb | opt.3rd.sg | would say; speak | √vad・1 a (say, speak) |
| icchāmi | verb | pr.1st.sg | I wish | √is・1 a (wish for) |
| ahaṃ | pron | 1st.nom.sg | I | |
| bhante | noun | masc.voc.sg | venerable sir | √bhad×1 a (be good, lucky) |
| rājagahaṃ | noun | masc.acc.sg | Rājagaha | |
| gantuṃ | verb | inf | to go [to] | √gam・1 a (go) |
| tassa | pron | masc.dat.sg | to that [not translated] | |
| me | pron | 1st.dat.sg | to me | |
| rājagahassa | noun | masc.dat.sg | to Rājagaha | |
| maggaṃ | noun | masc.acc.sg | the way; the path | √magg・8 *e (seek, search) |
| upadisā'ti | verb | imp.2nd.sg + end quote | show; point out | √dis・1 a (point out, explain) |
What do you think [about] this, brahmin; here, a man would come along wishing to go to Rājagaha. Having approached you, he would say, "Venerable sir, I wish to go to Rājagaha. Point out the way to Rājagaha to me."
- SN22.59
yasmā ca kho, bhikkhave, rūpaṃ anattā, tasmā rūpaṃ ābādhāya saṃvattati
| yasmā | ind | adv | because | |
| ca | ind | conj | but | |
| kho | ind | ind | indeed | |
| bhikkhave | noun | masc.voc.pl | monks | √bhikkh・1 a (beg) |
| rūpaṃ | noun | nt.nom.sg | form | √rūp・8 *e (form, produce) |
| anattā | noun | masc.nom.sg | not self; which is impersonal | |
| tasmā | ind | adv | therefore | |
| rūpaṃ | noun | nt.nom.sg | form | √rūp・8 *e (form, produce) |
| ābādhāya | noun | masc.dat.sg | for illness; sickness; lit. oppression | √bādh・1 a (press, oppress) |
| saṃvattati | verb | pr.3rd.sg [+dat] | is conducive; leads to | saṃ√vatt・1 a (be, proceed) |
But because form is not self, therefore it leads to oppression.
- MN22
evam'eva kho, bhikkhave, kull'ūpamo mayā dhammo desito nittharaṇ'atthāya, no gahaṇ'atthāya.
| evam'eva | idiom | adv+ind | similarly; in the same way | |
| kho | ind | emph | indeed; surely | |
| bhikkhave | noun | masc.voc.pl | monks | √bhikkh・1 a (beg) |
| kull'ūpamo | adj | masc.nom.sg | like a boat; similar to a raft | |
| mayā | pron | 1nd.instr.sg | by me | |
| dhammo | noun | masc.nom.sg | the Doctrine; the Teaching | √dhar・1 a (hold, carry, endure) |
| desito | pp | masc.nom.sg | preached; taught; explained | √dis・1 *e (point out, explain) |
| nittharaṇ'atthāya | noun | masc.dat.sg [dat of purpose] | for the purpose of getting across | |
| no | ind | neg | not | |
| gahaṇ'atthāya | noun | masc.dat.sg [dat of purpose] | for the purpose of holding onto; grasping |
Monks, the Dhamma explained by me [is] similar to a raft, it is for the purpose of crossing over and not holding onto.
Class 9 Extra¶
- DHP185
mattaññutā ca bhattasmiṃ, pantaṃ ca sayan'āsanaṃ, adhicitte ca āyogo, etaṃ buddhānaṃ sāsanaṃ.
| Pāli | POS | Grammar | English | Root |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| mattaññutā | noun | fem.nom.sg [+loc] | moderation | |
| ca | ind | conj | and | |
| bhattasmiṃ | noun | nt.loc.sg | in regard to food | √bhaj・1 a (divide, distribute) |
| pantaṃ | adj | nt.nom.sg | secluded | |
| ca | ind | conj | and | |
| sayan'āsanaṃ | noun | nt.nom.sg | living place [lit: sleeping and sitting] | |
| adhicitte | noun | nt.loc.sg | in meditation; mental development | |
| ca | ind | conj | and | |
| āyogo | noun | masc.nom.sg | exertion; practice; devotion | √yuj・2 *e (yoke, join) |
| etaṃ | pron | nt.nom.sg | this | |
| buddhānaṃ | noun | masc.gen.pl | of the Buddhas | √budh・3 ya (know, wake up) |
| sāsanaṃ | noun | nt.nom.sg | the teaching | √sās・1 a (order, instruct) |
Moderation in regard to food, a secluded living place [i.e. living in seclusion], and devotion to mental development; this is the teaching of the Buddhas.
- TH251
tasmā hi paññā eva dhanena seyyā, yāya vosānaṃ idha adhigacchati. abyositattā hi bhav'ābhavesu, pāpāni kammāni karoti mohā.
| tasmā | ind | adv | therefore | |
| hi | ind | emph | indeed | |
| paññā | noun | fem.nom.sg | knowledge; wisdom | √ñā・5 nā (know) |
| eva | ind | emph | only; just | |
| dhanena | noun | nt.instr.sg | with wealth; treasure | √dhan×1 a (be rich) |
| seyyā | adj | fem.nom.sg (+instr) | better than | |
| yāya | pron | fem.instr.sg | by whichever | |
| vosānaṃ | noun | nt.acc.sg | perfection; attainment | √sā・1 a (complete, accomplish) |
| idha | ind | adv | here [i.e. in this world] | |
| adhigacchati | verb | pr.3rd.sg | gets to; finds; attains | √gam・1 a (go) |
| abyositattā | noun | nt.abl.sg | from state of not being perfected; not being accomplished | |
| hi | ind | emph | because; for | |
| bhav'ābhavesu | noun | masc.loc.pl | in existences or non-existences; any states o existence | |
| pāpāni | adj | nt.acc.pl | evil | |
| kammāni | noun | nt.acc.pl | actions; deed | √kar・7 o (do, make) |
| karoti | verb | pr.3rd.sg | he/one makes; does | √kar・7 o (do, make) |
| mohā | noun | masc.abl.sg | out of delusion | √muh・3 ya (be deluded, confused) |
Therefore, only wisdom is indeed better than wealth; by which one attains perfection here; because of not being perfect from life to life, one does evil actions out of delusion.
- TH257
jīvitānaṃ parikkhāre, bhesajje atha paccaye, na bāḷhaṃ ussukā āsuṃ.
| jīvitānaṃ | noun | nt.gen.pl | of life [lit: for lives] | √jīv・1 a (live) |
| parikkhāre | noun | masc.acc.pl | requisites; accessories | √kar・7 o (do, make) |
| bhesajje | noun | nt.acc.pl | medicines; tonics | |
| atha | ind | - | and; also | |
| paccaye | noun | masc.acc.pl | supports | √i・1 a (come, go) |
| na | ind | neg | not | |
| bāḷhaṃ | ind | adv | excessively; overly | √bah×1 a (increase) |
| ussukā | adj | masc.nom.pl | zealously desiring | |
| āsuṃ | verb | aor.3rd.pl | they were | √as・1 a (be) |
They were not overly zealously desiring medicines and requisites for life.
- DHP152 (simpl)
appassuto puriso, balibaddho va jīrati, maṃsāni tassa vaḍḍhanti, paññā tassa na vaḍḍhati.
| appassuto | adj | masc.nom.sg | unlearned | |
| puriso | noun | masc.nom.sg | a man; a person | |
| balibaddho | noun | masc.nom.sg | ox; bull | |
| va | ind | - | like | |
| jīrati | verb | pr.3rd.sg | ages; grows old | √jīr・1 a (grow old, decay) |
| maṃsāni | noun | nt.nom.pl | meat; flesh | |
| tassa | pron | masc.gen.sg | his | |
| vaḍḍhanti | verb | pr.3rd.pl | increase | √vaḍḍh・1 a (grow, increase) |
| paññā | noun | fem.nom.sg | wisdom | √ñā・5 nā (know) |
| tassa | pron | masc.gen.sg | his | |
| na | ind | neg | not | |
| vaḍḍhati | verb | pr.3rd.sg | increase | √vaḍḍh・1 a (grow, increase) |
An unlearned man ages like an ox, his flesh increases, his wisdom does not increase.
- VIN PAT SA 6
sārambhe ce bhikkhu vatthusmiṃ aparikkamane saññācikāya kuṭiṃ kāreyya bhikkhū vā anabhineyya vatthuṃ desanāya pamāṇaṃ vā atikkāmeyya, saṅghādiseso.
| sārambhe | adj | nt.loc.sg | on harmful; hurtful; injurious | √rabh・1 a (be aroused, violent) |
| ce | ind | cond | if | |
| bhikkhu | noun | masc.nom.sg | a monk | √bhikkh・1 a (beg) |
| vatthusmiṃ | noun | nt.loc.sg | on a site; property; ground | √vas・1 a (live) |
| aparikkamane | adj | nt.loc.sg | on not accessible; not approachable; not having a surrounding space | √kam・1 a (go) |
| saññācikāya | noun | fem.instr.sg | by one's own begging | |
| kuṭiṃ | noun | fem.acc.sg | a hut | √kuṭ・1 a (be crooked, bent) |
| kāreyya | verb | opt.3rd.sg | should build | √kam・1 a (go) |
| bhikkhū | noun | masc.acc.pl | monks | √bhikkh・1 a (beg) |
| vā | ind | conj | or | |
| anabhineyya | verb | opt.3rd.sg | should not invite; bring | √nī・1 a (lead, carry) |
| vatthuṃ | noun | nt.acc.sg | site; location; place | √vas・1 a (live) |
| desanāya | noun | fem.dat.sg | for allocating | √dis・1 *e (point out, explain) |
| pamāṇaṃ | noun | nt.acc.sg | measurement | √mā・5 nā (measure) |
| vā | ind | conj | or | |
| atikkāmeyya | verb | opt.3rd.sg | should exceed; could go over | ati√kam・1 *e (go) |
| saṅghādiseso | noun | masc.nom.sg | offence requiring suspension |
If a monk by his own begging should build a hut on a harmful site and not accessible (i.e. not having a surrounding space), or [if] he should not invite monks for allocating a place, or [if] he should exceed the measurement, it is an offence requiring suspension.
- AN8.49 (simpl)
tattha sā dakkhā hoti analasā tatr'upāyāya vīmaṃsāya samannāgatā alaṃ kātuṃ alaṃ saṃvidhātuṃ.
| tattha | ind | adv | there | |
| sā | pron | fem.nom.sg | she | |
| dakkhā | adj | fem.nom.sg | skilled | √dakkh×1 a (be able, please) |
| hoti | verb | pr.3rd.sg | she is | √hū・1 a (be) |
| analasā | adj | fem.nom.sg | active; energetic | √las・1 a (shine, be active) |
| tatr'upāyāya | adj | fem.instr.sg | relevant to that; related to that | |
| vīmaṃsāya | noun | fem.instr.sg | judgment; discrimination | √man・3 sa (think) |
| samannāgatā | adj | fem.nom.sg [+instr] | endowed with; possessing | √gam・1 a (go) |
| alaṃ | ind | - | she is able | |
| kātuṃ | verb | inf | to do; to make | √kar・7 o (do, make) |
| alaṃ | ind | - | she is able | |
| saṃvidhātuṃ | verb | inf | to organize; to arrange; to take care of | saṃ+vi√dhā・1 a (place, support) |
There, she is skilled and energetic, endowed with relevant discrimination [and] is able to organize and do [the domestic chores for her husband].
- AN8.13
jegucchī hoti uccāraṃ vā passāvaṃ vā abhinisīdituṃ vā abhinipajjituṃ vā.
| jegucchī | adj | masc.nom.sg | who is disgusted | √gup・1 cha (dislike) |
| hoti | verb | pr.3rd.sg | he is | √hū・1 a (be) |
| uccāraṃ | noun | masc.acc.sg | excrement | √car・1 a (move, walk) |
| vā | ind | conj | or | |
| passāvaṃ | noun | masc.acc.sg | urine | √su・1 a (flow) |
| vā | ind | conj | or | |
| abhinisīdituṃ | verb | inf | to sit down in/on | √sad・1 a (sink, sit, settle) |
| vā | ind | conj | or | |
| abhinipajjituṃ | verb | inf | to lie down on | √pad・3 ya (go, step) |
He is one who is disgusted to sit or lie down on excrement or urine.
- MN52
evam'eva kho ahaṃ, bhante, imesaṃ ekādasannaṃ amatadvārānaṃ ekam'ekena api amatadvārena sakkuṇissāmi attānaṃ sotthiṃ kātuṃ.
| evam'eva | idiom | ind | similarly; in the same way | |
| kho | ind | emph | indeed | |
| ahaṃ | pron | 1st.nom.sg | I | |
| bhante | noun | masc.voc.sg | venerable sir | √bhad×1 a (be good, lucky) |
| imesaṃ | pron | nt.gen.pl | of these | |
| ekādasannaṃ | card | x gen.pl | of eleven | |
| amatadvārānaṃ | noun | nt.gen.pl | of doors to the deathless state | |
| ekam'ekena | adj | nt.instr.sg | by each and every; through every individual | |
| api | ind | - | too; also | |
| amatadvārena | noun | nt.instr.sg | by means of the door to the deathless state | |
| sakkuṇissāmi | verb | fut.1st.sg | I will be able to | √sak・4 uṇā (be able, powerful) |
| attānaṃ | noun | masc.acc.sg | myself | |
| sotthiṃ | noun | fem.acc.sg. | safety | √as・1 a (be) |
| kātuṃ | verb | inf | to do; make; perform | √kar・7 o (do, make) |
Venerable sir, indeed, in the same way, by each and every door to the deathless state of these eleven doors to the deathless state, I, too, will myself be able to make safety.
- SNP61
eko ahaṃ sakka mahantaṃ oghaṃ, anissito no visahāmi tārituṃ
| eko | adj | masc.nom.sg | single; alone | |
| ahaṃ | pron | 1st.nom.sg | I | |
| sakka | noun | masc.voc.sg | Sakyan | √sak・4 ṇo (be able, powerful) |
| mahantaṃ | adj | masc.acc.sg | powerful; great | √mah×1 a (increase) |
| oghaṃ | noun | masc.acc.sg | deluge; flood | |
| anissito | pp | masc.nom.sg | unhindered; independent (of) | √si・1 a (depend on, associate with) |
| no | ind | neg | not | |
| visahāmi | verb | pr.1st.sg | I am able | √sah・1 a (be able) |
| tārituṃ | verb | inf | to cross over | √tar・1 a (cross) |
Sakyan, alone and independent, I am unable to cross over the great flood.
- SNP46 (simpl)
yesu idha n'atthi paramaṃ uggahītaṃ, tesu tvaṃ kiṃ labhe pasūra?
| yesu | pron | masc.loc.pl | among whom (for whom) | |
| idha | ind | adv | here | |
| n'atthi | verb | pr.3rd.sg | there is not; there is nothing | |
| paramaṃ | adj | nt.nom.sg | the highest; ultimate | |
| uggahītaṃ | pp | nt.nom.sg | what is grasped; held onto | √gah・6 ṇhā (grasp) |
| tesu | pron | masc.loc.pl | among them (for them) | |
| tvaṃ | pron | 2nd.nom.sg | you | |
| kiṃ | pron | nt.nom.sg | what? | |
| labhe | verb | opt.2nd.sg | you would gain | √labh・1 a (get) |
| pasūra | noun | masc.voc.sg | Pasūra |
What, Pasūra, would you gain among them here, those for whom there is nothing grasped as ultimate?
- VIN4.1.14
na te ahaṃ sakkomi vitthārena dhammaṃ desetuṃ
| na | ind | neg | not | |
| te | pron | 2nd.dat.sg | to you | |
| ahaṃ | pron | 1st.nom.sg | I | |
| sakkomi | verb | pr.1st.sg | I am able | √sak・4 ṇo (be able, powerful) |
| vitthārena | ind | adv | in detail; thoroughly | √thar・1 a (spread, expand) |
| dhammaṃ | noun | masc.acc.sg | the Teaching | √dhar・1 a (hold, carry, endure) |
| desetuṃ | ind | inf | to explain; to teach | √dis・1 *e (point out, explain) |
I am not able to explain the Teaching to you thoroughly.