Class 18 Key to Exercises
Class 18 Key to Exercises¶
Dis-join the sandhis
| sākacchā | saṃ + √kath + yā |
| ākiñcañña | na + kiñci + ana + *ya |
| muyhati | √muh + ya + ti |
| vuyhamāna | √vah + ya + māna |
| vipakka | vi + √pac + ta |
| olugga | ava + √luj + ta |
| paṭinissagga | pati + nī + √sajj + a |
| atthaddha | na + √thambh + ta |
| abhiranta | abhi + √ram + ta |
| bāḷhaṃ | √bah + ta + aṃ |
| aṇṇava | √ar + na + vant + a |
| vicikicchā | vi + √cit + cha + ā |
| parivīmaṃsā | pari + √man + sa + ā |
| ajigucchanīya | na + √gup + cha + anīya |
| yujjhati | √yudh + ya + ti |
| gantar | √gam + tar |
| pariyeṭṭhi | pari + √es + ti |
| jigiṃsanta | √ji + sa + nta |
Join the following in suitable ways
| tatha + ya | taccha |
| √dam + ya | damma |
| √dus + ta | duṭṭha |
| √ḍaṃs + ta | daṭṭha |
| adhi + atta + aṃ | ajjhattaṃ |
| abhi + okāsa | abbhokāsa |
| bahu + anna + pāna | bavhannapāna |
| ud + √chid + ya + ti | ucchijjati |
| √kudh + ya + ti | kujjhati |
| ā + √buh + ya | abbuyha |
| abhi + √sic + ta | abhisitta |
| √idh + ti | iddhi |
| vi + √majj + ta | vimaṭṭha |
| √vid + ti | vitti |
| ni + √yam + ta | niyata |
| √sar + ta | sata |
| pa + √saṃs + ta | pasattha |
| ā + √buh + ta | abbūḷha |
| √chad + na | channa |
| √car + na | ciṇṇa |
| √pā + sa + ā | pipāsā |
Key to Exercises
Break up all the sandhis in the following sentences.
- VIN PAT SA 10
yāvatatiyañ'ce samanubhāsiyamāno taṃ paṭinissajjeyya, icc'etaṃ kusalaṃ, no ce paṭinissajjeyya, saṅghādiseso.
| yāvatatiyañ'ce | sandhi | if up to the third time | ||
| #yāva | ind | prep | up to | |
| #tatiyaṃ | ind | adv | third time | |
| #ce | ind | cond | if | |
| samanubhāsiyamāno | prp | masc.nom.sg | being admonished (by) | √bhās・1 iya (speak) |
| taṃ | pron | nt.acc.sg | that | |
| paṭinissajjeyya | verb | opt.3rd.sg | should relinquish | √sajj・1 a (relinquish) |
| icc'etaṃ | sandhi | thus this | ||
| #iti | ind | emph | thus | |
| #etaṃ | pron | nt.acc.sg | this | |
| kusalaṃ | noun | nt.nom.sg | good | |
| no | ind | neg | not | |
| ce | ind | cond | if | |
| paṭinissajjeyya | verb | opt.3rd.sg | should relinquish; give up | √sajj・1 a (relinquish) |
| saṅghādiseso | noun | masc.nom.sg | offence requiring suspension | |
| #saṅgha | noun | masc. | the community | √ghaṭ・1 a (join together) |
| #ādi | noun | masc. | beginning | |
| #seso | noun | masc.nom.sg | remains; remainder | √sis・8 *e (remain, distinguish) |
If, being admonished up to the third time, he should relinquish that, thus this [is] good; [but] if he should not relinquish [it], [this is a case] relating to the community in the beginning and in the end.
- SNP58
"ye kec'ime isayo manujā, (icc'āyasmā puṇṇako)
| ye | pron | masc.nom.pl | whoever | |
| kec'ime | sandhi | whichever of these | ||
| #keci | pron | masc.nom.pl | whichever | |
| #ime | pron | masc.nom.pl | these | |
| isayo | noun | masc.nom.pl | seers; sages | |
| manujā | noun | masc.nom.pl | human beings | |
| icc'āyasmā | sandhi | thus (said) venerable | ||
| #iti | ind | adv | thus | |
| #āyasmā | noun | masc.nom.sg | venerable | √i・1 a (come, go) |
| puṇṇako | noun | masc.nom.sg | Puṇṇaka | √pūr・1 a (fill, fulfil) |
Whichever of these human beings [are] seers. (Thus said venerable Puṇṇaka)
- SN35.247
idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā piyarūpe rūpe n'ādhimuccati, appiyarūpe rūpe na byāpajjati, upaṭṭhitakāyassati ca viharati appamāṇacetaso
| idha | ind | adv | here; in this case | |
| bhikkhave | noun | masc.voc.pl | monks | √bhikkh・1 a (beg) |
| bhikkhu | noun | masc.nom.sg | a monk | √bhikkh・1 a (beg) |
| cakkhunā | noun | nt.instr.sg | with the eye | √cakkh・1 a (see) |
| rūpaṃ | noun | nt.acc.sg | a form | √rūp・8 *e (form, produce) |
| disvā | verb | abs | having seen | √dis・1 a (see) |
| piyarūpe | adj | nt.loc.sg | in agreeable; enticing | |
| #piya | adj | nt. | pleasing | √pī・5 nā (love, please) |
| #rūpe | noun | nt.loc.sg | in form | √rūp・8 *e (form, produce) |
| rūpe | noun | nt.loc.sg | in form | √rūp・8 *e (form, produce) |
| n'ādhimuccati | verb | pr.3rd.sg | is not intent (on); is not drawn (to) | |
| #na | ind | neg | not | |
| #adhimuccati | verb | pr.3rd.sg (+loc) | is intent (on); is drawn (to) | √muc・2 ya (release, free) |
| appiyarūpe | adj | nt.loc.sg | unpleasant; disagreeable | |
| #appiya | adj | nt. | unloved; disliked | |
| ##na | prefix | not | ||
| ##piya | adj | nt. | loved; liked; dear | √pī・5 nā (love, please) |
| #rūpe | noun | nt.loc.sg | form [object of the eye] | √rūp・8 *e (form, produce) |
| rūpe | noun | nt.loc.sg. | form [object of the eye] | √rūp・8 *e (form, produce) |
| na | ind | neg | not | |
| byāpajjati | verb | pr.3rd.sg (+acc) | dislikes; hates; is repelled (by) | √pad・3 ya (go, step) |
| upaṭṭhitakāyassati | adj | masc.nom.sg | with body awareness present | |
| #upaṭṭhitā | pp | fem.nom.sg | present | √ṭhā・1 a (stand) |
| #kāyassati | noun | fem.nom.sg | mindfulness of the body | |
| ##kāya | noun | masc. | the body | √ci・5 nā (gather, accumulate) |
| ##sati | noun | fem.nom.sg | mindfulness | √sar・1 a (remember) |
| ca | and | |||
| viharati | verb | pr.3rd.sg | he dwells | |
| appamāṇacetaso | adj | masc.nom.sg | with an immeasurable mind; with an unrestricted mind | √har・1 a (live) |
| #appamāṇa | adj | masc. | immeasurable | |
| ##na | prefix | not | ||
| ##pamāṇa | adj | masc. | measuring | √mā・5 nā (measure) |
| #cetaso | adj | masc.instr.sg | with mind; having mind | √cit・8 *e (think, intend) |
Here, monks, having seen a form with the eye, a monk is not drawn to a pleasing form, and he is not repelled by an unpleasant form; with mindfulness of the body present, he dwells with an immeasurable mind.
- DN16.32
cattāro'me, bhikkhave, acchariyā abbhutā dhammā raññe cakkavattimhi. katame cattāro?
| cattāro'me | sandhi | these four | ||
| #cattāro | card | masc.nom.pl | four | |
| #ime | pron | masc.nom.pl | these | |
| bhikkhave | noun | masc.voc.pl | monks | √bhikkh・1 a (beg) |
| acchariyā | adj | masc.nom.pl | wonderful | |
| abbhutā | adj | masc.nom.pl | marvellous; extraordinary | |
| dhammā | noun | masc.nom.pl | qualities; characteristics | √dhar・1 a (hold, carry, endure) |
| raññe | noun | masc.loc.sg | about a king; ruler; monarch | √rāj・1 a (rule, shine) |
| cakkavattimhi | noun | masc.loc.sg | about a wheel-turner | |
| #cakka | noun | nt. | wheel | |
| #vattimhi | noun | masc.loc.sg | turner; who turns something | |
| katame | pron | masc.nom.pl | which? | |
| cattāro | card | masc.nom.pl | four |
Monks, [there are] these four wonderful, extraordinary qualities about a wheel-turning monarch. Which four?
- AN5.51
byāpādo, bhikkhave, āvaraṇo nīvaraṇo cetaso ajjhāruho paññāya dubbalīkaraṇo.
| byāpādo | noun | masc.nom.sg | ill-will | √pad・3 ya (go, step) |
| bhikkhave | noun | masc.voc.sg | monks | √bhikkh・1 a (beg) |
| āvaraṇo | noun | masc.nom.sg | obstruction; obstacle; blockage; impediment | √var・1 a (cover, dress, restrain) |
| nīvaraṇo | noun | masc.nom.sg | obstacle; obstruction; barrier; hindrance | √var・1 a (cover, dress, restrain) |
| cetaso | noun | masc.gen.sg | of mind | √cit・8 *e (think, intend) |
| ajjhāruho | adj | masc.nom.sg | which grows over, overwhelms | √ruh・1 a (ascend, grow) |
| paññāya | noun | fem.gen.sg | of understanding | √ñā・5 nā (know) |
| dubbalīkaraṇo | adj | masc.nom.sg | which weakens, lit. weak-making | |
| #dubbalī | adj | - | weak | √bal・1 a (be strong, live) |
| #karaṇo | adj | masc.nom.sg | making, producing, causing | √kar・7 o (do, make) |
Monks, ill will is an obstruction, a hindrance of the mind, which overwhelms and weakens understanding.
- SNP54
theyyaṃ na kāre na musā bhaṇeyya,
mettāya phasse tasathāvarāni,
yadāvilattaṃ manaso vijaññā,
kaṇhassa pakkho'ti vinodayeyya.
| theyyaṃ | noun | nt.acc.sg | theft | √then・8 *e (steal) |
| na | ind | neg | not | |
| kāre | verb | opt.3rd.sg | he should perform, practice | √kar・7 o (do, make) |
| na | ind | neg | not | |
| musā | ind | adv | falsely, lie | √mus・3 ya (lie, forget) |
| bhaṇeyya | verb | opt.3rd.sg | he should speak | √bhaṇ・1 a (talk, speak) |
| mettāya | noun | fem.instr.sg | with kindness | √mitt・1 a (be friendly) |
| phasse | verb | opt.3rd.sg | he should touch, contact | √phus・1 a (touch) |
| tasathāvarāni | noun | nt.acc.pl | the moving and unmoving, lit. trembling and steady | dvanda |
| #tasa | adj | - | (what is) moving, trembling | √tas・1 a (tremble, fear) |
| #thāvarāni | adj | nt.acc.pl | (what is) stable, firm | √ṭhā・1 a (stand) |
| yadāvilattaṃ | sandhi | whatever state of agitation, disturbance | ||
| #yaṃ | pron | nt.acc.sg | whatever, whichever | |
| #āvilattaṃ | noun | nt.acc.sg | state of agitation, disturbance | √bil・1 a (break, chop) |
| manaso | noun | masc.gen.sg | of mind | √man・3 ya (think) |
| vijaññā | verb | opt.3rd.sg | he could recognise | √ñā・5 nā (know) |
| kaṇhassa | noun | masc.gen.sg | of the black one, evil one | |
| pakkho'ti | noun | - | side "" | |
| #pakkho | noun | masc.nom.sg | side; flank | |
| #iti | ind | - | "" | |
| vinodayeyya | verb | opt.3rd.sg | he should drive out, dispel, remove | √nud・1 *aya (drive out, reject) |
One should not perform theft,
One should not speak falsely,
One should touch unstable and firm beings with kindness,
One should know any disturbance of mind and dispel it as "a flank of the
Dark One."
- AN8.2
tathārūpāssa dhammā bahussutā honti dhātā vacasā paricitā manasānupekkhitā diṭṭhiyā suppaṭividdhā.
| tathārūpāssa | sandhi | of such kind, for him | ||
| #tathārūpā | adj | masc.nom.pl | of such quality | |
| ##tathā | ind | adv | so, thus, in suchh a way | |
| ##rūpa | adj | masc.nom.pl | of quality, of kind | |
| #assa | pron | masc.dat.sg | for him; by him |
(the reading tathārūpassa also exists)
| dhammā | noun | masc.nom.pl | teachings | √dhar・1 a (hold, carry, endure) |
| bahussutā | adj | masc.nom.pl | well learned | kammadhāraya |
| #bahu | adj | masc | much; great | |
| #sutā | pp | masc.nom.pl | learned | √su・4 ṇā (hear) (ssu in comps) +ta+ā |
| honti | verb | pr.3rd.pl | they are | √hū・1 a (be) |
| dhātā | pp | masc.nom.pl | remembered, retained | √dhar・8 *e (wear, hold, carry) |
| vacasā | noun | masc.instr.sg | by voice | √vac・1 a (say, speak) |
| paricitā | pp | masc.nom.pl | practised, lit. gathered | √ci・5 nā (gather, accumulate) |
| manasānupekkhitā | adj | masc.nom.pl | mentally reflected upon | |
| #manasā | noun | masc.instr.sg | by mind | √man・3 ya (think) |
| #anupekkhitā | pp | masc.nom.pl | carefully considered | √ikkh・1 a (see, mark) |
| diṭṭhiyā | noun | fem.instr.sg | by view | √dis・1 a (see) |
| suppaṭividdhā | pp | masc.nom.pl | thoroughly penetrated, understood | √vidh・3 ya (throw, pierce) |
Teachings of such quality are well-learned by him, remembered, verbally practised, mentally reflected upon, and thoroughly understood by view.
- DN22.6
puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu imameva kāyaṃ yathāṭhitaṃ yathāpaṇihitaṃ dhātuso paccavekkhati, atthi imasmiṃ kāye pathavīdhātu āpodhātu tejodhātu vāyodhātū'ti.
| puna | ind | - | again | |
| caparaṃ | - | - | and further, and what is more | |
| #ca | ind | conj | and | |
| #paraṃ | ind | adv | further, more | |
| bhikkhave | noun | masc.voc.pl | monks | √bhikkh・1 a (beg) |
| bhikkhu | noun | masc.nom.sg | a monk | √bhikkh・1 a (beg) |
| imameva | - | - | this very | |
| #imaṃ | pr | masc.acc.sg | this | |
| #eva | ind | - | just, only | |
| kāyaṃ | noun | masc.acc.sg | body | |
| yathāṭhitaṃ | adj | masc.acc.sg | however it is standing | |
| #yathā | ind | - | like, as | |
| #ṭhitaṃ | pp | masc.acc.sg | situated (in); standing (in); lit. stood | √ṭhā・1 a (stand) |
| yathāpaṇihitaṃ | adj | masc.acc.sg | however it is directed | |
| #yathā | ind | - | like, as | |
| #paṇihitaṃ | pp | masc.acc.sg | intended, bent | √dhā・1 a (place, support) |
| dhātuso | ind | adv (from abl) | as elemental states; by way of the elements | √dhā・1 a (place, support) |
| paccavekkhati | verb | pr.3rd.sg | he considers, regards | √ikkh・1 a (see, mark) |
| atthi | verb | pr.3rd.sg | there is | √as・1 a (be) |
| imasmiṃ | pron | masc.loc.sg | in this | |
| kāye | noun | masc.loc.sg | in body | √ci・5 nā (gather, accumulate) |
| pathavīdhātu | noun | fem.nom.sg | solid state, earth state | |
| #pathavī | noun | fem. | earth, solid | √path×1 a (expand) |
| #dhātu | noun | fem.nom.sg | state, element | √dhā・1 a (place, support) |
| āpodhātu | noun | fem.nom.sg | liquid state | |
| #āpa | noun | masc.nom.sg | water, liquid | √āp×4 uṇā (be wet) |
| #dhātu | noun | fem.nom.sg | state, element | √dhā・1 a (place, support) |
| tejodhātu | noun | fem.nom.sg | fire state | |
| #teja | noun | masc.nom.sg | fire, heat | √tij・8 *e (be sharp, hot) |
| #dhātu | noun | fem.nom.sg | state, element | √dhā・1 a (place, support) |
| vāyodhātū'ti | noun | fem.nom.sg | gaseous state | |
| #vāya | noun | masc.nom.sg | wind, air | √vā・1 a (blow, emit odour) |
| #dhātu | noun | fem.nom.sg | state, element | √dhā・1 a (place, support) |
| #iti | ind | - | "" |
And further, monks, a monk regards this body, as it is positioned, as it is directed, as elemental states. "In this very body there is the solid state, the liquid state, the fire state and the air state."
- DHP160
attā hi attano nātho,
ko hi nātho paro siyā,
attanā hi sudantena,
nāthaṃ labhati dullabhaṃ.
| attā | noun | masc.nom.sg | oneself | |
| hi | ind | - | indeed, truly | |
| attano | noun | masc.gen.sg | one's own | |
| nātho | noun | masc.nom.sg | protector; lord; refuge | |
| ko | pron | masc.nom.sg | who? | |
| hi | ind | - | indeed, truly | |
| nātho | noun | masc.nom.sg | protector; lord; refuge | |
| paro | pron | masc.nom.sg | other, another | |
| siyā. | verb | opt.3rd.sg | he could be | √as・1 a (be) |
| attanā | noun | masc.instr.sg | by oneself | |
| hi | ind | - | indeed, truly | |
| sudantena | pp | masc.instr.sg | by well tamed, well-controlled | √dam・3 ya (be tame) |
| nāthaṃ | noun | masc.acc.sg | protector; lord; refuge | |
| labhati | verb | pr.3rd.sg | he gets | √labh・1 a (get) |
| dullabhaṃ | adj | masc.acc.sg | rare, hard to get | √labh・1 a (get) |
One is truly one's own protector,
How could another be (one's) protector?
With oneself truly well-tamed
one obtains a protector that is hard to get.
- SN22.1
na rūpaṃ attato samanupassati, na rūpavantaṃ vā attānaṃ; na attani vā rūpaṃ, na rūpasmiṃ vā attānaṃ. 'ahaṃ rūpaṃ, mama rūpan'ti na pariyuṭṭhaṭṭhāyī hoti.
| na | ind | neg | not | |
| rūpaṃ | noun | nt.acc.sg | physical form, matter, body | √rūp・8 *e (form, produce) |
| attato | ind | masc.abl.sg | as a self | |
| samanupassati | verb | pr.3rd.sg | he perceives | √dis・1 a (see) |
| na | ind | neg | not | |
| rūpavantaṃ | adj | masc.acc.sg | having physical form | |
| vā | ind | - | or | |
| attānaṃ | noun | masc.acc.sg | self | |
| na | ind | neg | not | |
| attani | noun | masc.loc.sg | in self | |
| vā | ind | - | or | |
| rūpaṃ | noun | nt.acc.sg | physical form, matter, body | √rūp・8 *e (form, produce) |
| na | ind | neg | not | |
| rūpasmiṃ | noun | nt.loc.sg | in physical form, matter, body | √rūp・8 *e (form, produce) |
| vā | ind | - | or | |
| attānaṃ | noun | masc.acc.sg | self | |
| ahaṃ | pron | 1st.nom.sg | I | |
| rūpaṃ | noun | nt.nom.sg | physical form, matter, body | √rūp・8 *e (form, produce) |
| mama | pron | 1st.gen.sg | my, mine | |
| rūpan'ti | noun | nt.nom.sg | "physical form, matter, body" | |
| #rūpaṃ | noun | nt.nom.sg | physical form, matter, body | √rūp・8 *e (form, produce) |
| #iti | ind | - | this | |
| na | ind | neg | not | |
| pariyuṭṭhaṭṭhāyī | adj | masc.nom.sg | who remains obsessed; who is stuck in the preconceived idea of | kammadhāraya |
| #pariyuṭṭha | adj | possessed, obsessed; overwhelmed | ||
| #ṭhāyī | adj | masc.nom.sg | standing, remaining | √ṭhā・1 a (stand) |
| hoti | verb | pr.3rd.sg | he is | √hū・1 a (be) |
He does not consider physical form as the self, or the self as having physical form, or physical form as in the self, or the self as in physical form. He does not remain obsessed (by the idea) "I am physical form, physical form is mine."
- AN2.40
yasmiṃ, bhikkhave, samaye rājāno balavanto honti, corā tasmiṃ samaye dubbalā honti. tasmiṃ, bhikkhave, samaye rañño phāsu hoti atiyātuṃ vā niyyātuṃ vā paccantime vā janapade anusaññātuṃ.
| yasmiṃ | pron | masc.loc.sg | at whichever | |
| bhikkhave | noun | masc.voc.pl | monks | √bhikkh・1 a (beg) |
| samaye | noun | masc.loc.sg | at time, occasion | √i・1 a (come, go) |
| rājāno | noun | masc.nom.pl | kings | √rāj・1 a (rule, shine) |
| balavanto | adj | masc.nom.pl | powerful | √bal・1 a (be strong, live) |
| honti | verb | pr.3rd.pl | they are | √hū・1 a (be) |
| corā | noun | masc.nom.pl | thieves | √cur・8 *e (steal) |
| tasmiṃ | pron | masc.loc.sg | at that | |
| samaye | noun | masc.loc.sg | at time, occasion | √i・1 a (come, go) |
| dubbalā | adj | masc.nom.pl | weak | √bal・1 a (be strong, live) |
| honti | verb | pr.3rd.pl | they are | √hū・1 a (be) |
| tasmiṃ | pron | masc.loc.sg | at that | |
| bhikkhave | noun | masc.voc.pl | monks | √bhikkh・1 a (beg) |
| samaye | noun | masc.loc.sg | at time, occasion | √i・1 a (come, go) |
| rañño | noun | masc.dat.sg | for the king | √rāj・1 a (rule, shine) |
| phāsu | adj | masc.nom.sg | comfortable, easy | √phus・1 a (touch) |
| hoti | verb | pr.3rd.sg | it is | √hū・1 a (be) |
| atiyātuṃ | verb | inf | to re-enter, return | √yā・1 a (go) |
| vā | ind | conj | or | |
| niyyātuṃ | verb | inf | to go out | √yā・1 a (go) |
| vā | ind | conj | or | |
| paccantime | adj | masc.acc.pl | bordering, outlying | |
| vā | ind | conj | or | |
| janapade | noun | masc.acc.pl | countries, provinces, districts | |
| anusaññātuṃ | verb | inf | to go around; to visit; to inspect | √yā・1 a (go) |
At whichever time kings are strong, robbers are weak. At that time it is easy for the king to re-enter or to go out and to visit the outlying districts.
- AN3.83
tassa na tādiso vaṇṇo hoti seyyathā'pi gunnaṃ, na tādiso saro hoti seyyathā'pi gunnaṃ, na tādisaṃ padaṃ hoti seyyathā'pi gunnaṃ.
| tassa | pron | masc.gen.sg | his | |
| na | ind | neg | not | |
| tādiso | adj | masc.nom.sg | such; like that (of); of such character; of such quality; kind (of) | |
| vaṇṇo | noun | masc.nom.sg | colour, appearance | √var・1 a (cover, dress, restrain) |
| hoti | verb | pr.3rd.sg | it is | √hū・1 a (be) |
| seyyathāpi | ind | - | just like | |
| gunnaṃ | noun | masc.gen.pl | of the cows | |
| na | ind | neg | not | |
| tādiso | adj | masc.nom.sg | of the same quality | |
| saro | noun | masc.nom.sg | sound | √sar×1 a (make sound) |
| hoti | verb | pr.3rd.sg | it is | √hū・1 a (be) |
| seyyathāpi | ind | - | just like | |
| gunnaṃ | noun | masc.gen.pl | of the cows | |
| na | ind | neg | not | |
| tādisaṃ | adj | nt.nom.sg | of the same quality | |
| padaṃ | noun | nt.nom.sg | footprint | pad・3 ya (go, step) |
| hoti | verb | pr.3rd.sg | it is | √hū・1 a (be) |
| seyyathāpi | ind | - | just like | |
| gunnaṃ | noun | masc.gen.pl | of the cows |
His colour is not like that of the cows, his sound is not like that of the cows, his footprint is not like that of the cows.
- AN4.49
anattani, bhikkhave, attāti saññāvipallāso cittavipallāso diṭṭhivipallāso.
| anattani | noun | masc.loc.sg | in regard to what is not self | |
| bhikkhave | noun | masc.voc.pl | monks | √bhikkh・1 a (beg) |
| attāti | - | "self" | ||
| #attā | noun | masc.nom.sg | self | |
| #iti | ind | - | "' | |
| saññāvipallāso | noun | masc.nom.sg | distortion of perception | |
| #saññā | noun | fem | perception | √ñā・5 nā (know) |
| #vipallāso | noun | masc.nom.sg | distortion, inversion | √as・3 ya (throw, hurl) |
vipallāsa = vi + pari > pali > paly > pall + √as > ās + *a
| cittavipallāso | noun | masc.nom.sg | distortion of mind | |
| #citta | noun | nt | mind, thought, cognition | √cit・8 *e (think, intend) |
| #vipallāso | noun | masc.nom.sg | distortion, inversion | √as・3 ya (throw, hurl) |
| diṭṭhivipallāso | noun | masc.nom.sg | distortion of view | |
| #diṭṭhi | noun | fem | view, opinion, theory | √dis・1 a (see) |
| #vipallāso | noun | masc.nom.sg | distortion, inversion | √as・3 ya (throw, hurl) |
"In regard to what is not (a) self, "(This is) self". (is) the distortion of perception, the distortion of thought, the distortion of view.
Class 18 Extra Examples¶
- VIN PAT PC 57
tatth'āyaṃ samayo 'diyaḍḍho māso seso gimhānan'ti vassānassa paṭhamo māso icc'ete aḍḍhateyyamāsā
| tatth'āyaṃ | sandhi | here this; in this case this | ||
| #tattha | ind | adv | in that regard; in that case | |
| #ayaṃ | pron | masc.nom.sg | this | |
| samayo | noun | masc.nom.sg | the time; occasion | √i・1 a (come, go) |
| diyaḍḍho | adj | masc.nom.sg | one and a half (lit: two half) | |
| #dvi > di | card | masc.nom.pl | two | |
| #aḍḍho | adj | masc.nom.sg | half | |
| māso | noun | masc.nom.sg | month | √mā・5 nā (measure) |
| seso | noun | masc.nom.sg | [what] remains, (is) remaining | √sis・8 *e (remain) |
| gimhānan'ti | sandhi | "...hot season and so | ||
| #gimhānaṃ | noun | masc.gen.pl | of the hot [months] | |
| #iti | ind | adv1 | this is; and so; thus | |
| vassānassa | noun | masc.gen.sg | of the rainy season | √vass・1 a (rain) |
| paṭhamo | ordin | masc.nom.sg | first | √ṭhā・1 a (stand) |
| māso | noun | masc.nom.sg | month | √mā・5 nā (measure) |
| icc'ete | sandhi | thus these | ||
| #iti | ind | adv | thus | |
| #ete | pron | masc.nom.pl | these | |
| aḍḍhateyyamāsā | noun | masc.nom.pl | two-and-a-half months | |
| #aḍḍhateyya | adj | masc. | two-and-a-half (lit: three half) | |
| ##aḍḍha | adj | masc | half | |
| ##ti + *ya | card | masc | three | |
| #māsā | noun | masc.nom.pl | months | √mā・5 nā (measure) |
This (is) the time in this case: One-and-a-half months (are) remaining of the hot season and the first month of the rainy season, thus these two-and-a-half months, ...
- AN5.140
idha, bhikkhave, rañño nāgo yam'enaṃ hatthidammasārathi kāraṇaṃ kāreti, yadi vā katapubbaṃ yadi vā akatapubbaṃ, taṃ aṭṭhiṃ katvā manasi katvā sabbaṃ cetasā samannāharitvā ohitasoto suṇāti.
| idha | ind | adv | here | |
| bhikkhave | noun | masc.voc.pl | monks | √bhikkh・1 a (beg) |
| rañño | noun | masc.gen.sg | of the king | √rāj・1 a (rule, shine) |
| nāgo | noun | masc.nom.sg | a tusker; a bull elephant |
Here, monks, a king's bull elephant
| yam'enaṃ | sandhi | that which | ||
| #yaṃ | pron | masc.acc.sg | whichever | |
| #enaṃ | pron | masc.acc.sg | that | |
| hatthidammasārathi | noun | masc.nom.sg | elephant tamer | |
| #hatthī | noun | masc. | elephant | |
| #damma | adj | masc. | able to be tamed; fit to be trained | √dam・3 ya (be tame) |
| #sārathi | noun | masc.nom.sg | a trainer; a driver | |
| kāraṇaṃ | noun | nt.acc.sg | a task | √kar・7 *e (do, make) |
| kāreti | verb | pr caus 3rd.sg | makes one do; causes to make | √kar・7 *e (do, make) |
to whichever task the elephant trainer has him perform,
| yadi vā | idiom | ind | whether or | |
| katapubbaṃ | adj | nt.acc.sg | previously performed | kammadhāraya |
| #kata | pp | nt. | done; performed | √kar・7 o (do, make) |
| #pubbaṃ | adj | nt.acc.sg | previous; earlier | |
| yadi vā | idiom | ind | whether or | |
| akatapubbaṃ | adj | nt.acc.sg | not previously done; not previously performed | kammadhāraya |
| #akata | pp | nt. | not done; not performed | √kar・7 o (do, make) |
| #pubbaṃ | adj | nt.acc.sg | previous; earlier |
whether [it] has been previously done or not previously done,
| taṃ | pron | masc.acc.sg | that | |
| aṭṭhiṃ katvā | idiom | having paid attention; lit. having made important | ||
| aṭṭhiṃ | noun | masc.acc.sg | purpose; goal | |
| katvā | verb | abs | having made | √kar・7 o (do, make) |
| manasi | noun | masc.loc.sg | in [his] mind | √man・3 ya (think) |
| katvā | verb | abs | having made | √kar・7 o (do, make) |
| sabbaṃ | ind | adv | completely | |
| cetasā | noun | masc.instr.sg | with a mind; with thought; with intention | √cit・8 *e (think, intend) |
| samannāharitvā | verb | abs | having focused | √har・1 a (carry) |
| ohitasoto | adj | masc.nom.sg | listening attentively lit. with applied ear | |
| #ohita | pp | masc. | applied; paid (of attention) | √dhā・1 a (place, support) |
| #soto | noun | nt.nom.sg | the ear | √su・4 ṇā (hear) |
| suṇāti | verb | pr.3rd.sg | he listens | √su・4 ṇā (hear) |
having focused and paid attention on that (task), having concentrated completely with the mind, he listens with applied ear.
- AN3.71
gopālako sāyanhasamaye sāmikānaṃ gāvo niyyātetvā iti paṭisañcikkhati: "ajja kho gāvo amukasmiñ'ca amukasmiñ'ca padese cariṃsu"
| gopālako | noun | masc.nom.sg | young cowherd | |
| #gunnaṃ | noun | masc.gen.pl | of cattle | √gam・1 a (go) |
| #pālako | noun | masc.nom.sg | protector | √pāl・8 *e (protect) |
| sāyanhasamaye | noun | masc.loc.sg | in the early evening | |
| #sāyanha | noun | masc. | evening | |
| #samaye | noun | masc.loc.sg | in occasion; time | √i・1 a (come, go) |
| sāmikānaṃ | noun | masc.dat.pl | to the owners | |
| gāvo | noun | masc.acc.pl | the cattle | |
| niyyātetvā | verb | abs | having handed over | √yat・8 *e (arrange, hand over) |
| iti | ind | adv | thus; like this | |
| paṭisañcikkhati | verb | pr.3rd.sg | reflects; considers | √cikkh・1 a (show, tell) |
| ajja | ind | adv | today | |
| kho | ind | indeed | ||
| gāvo | noun | masc.nom.pl | the cattle | |
| amukasmiñ'ca | sandhi | in this [place] | ||
| #amukasmiṃ | adj | masc.loc.sg | in this [place] | |
| #ca | ind | conj | and | |
| amukasmiñ'ca | sandhi | in that [place] | ||
| #amukasmiṃ | adj | masc.loc.sg | in that [place] | |
| #ca | ind | conj | and | |
| padese | noun | masc.loc.sg | in the place | √dis・1 a (point out, explain) |
| cariṃsu | verb | aor.3rd.pl | grazed (in) | √car・1 a (move, walk) |
In the evening, a young cowherd, having handed over the cattle to the owners, reflects thus: "Today, indeed, the cattle grazed in this place and in that place…"
- SN7.9
māno hi te brāhmaṇa khāribhāro, kodho dhūmo bhasmani mosavajjaṃ
| māno | noun | masc.nom.sg | pride; conceit | √man・3 ya (think) |
| hi | ind | emph | indeed; truly | |
| te | pron | 2nd.gen.sg | your | |
| brāhmaṇa | noun | masc.voc.sg | O brahmin | √brah×1 a (increase) |
| khāribhāro | noun | masc.nom.sg | load carried on a yoke across the shoulders | |
| #khāri | noun | fem. | goods carried on a pole across the shoulders | |
| #bhāro | noun | masc.nom.sg | a burden; a load | √bhar・1 a (carry, support) |
| kodho | noun | masc.nom.sg | anger; wrath | |
| dhūmo | noun | masc.nom.sg | smoke | |
| bhasmani | noun | masc.loc.sg | in ashes | |
| mosavajjaṃ | noun | nt.nom.sg | untruth; false speech | |
| #mosa | adj | nt. | untrue | √mus・1 a (steal) |
| #vajjaṃ | adj (as noun) | nt.nom.sg | speaking; saying | √vad 1 a (to say, speak) |
Conceit, O brahmin, is indeed the burden carried across your shoulders; anger the smoke, false speech (is in) the ashes.
- AN3.51
idha, bhikkhave, mahācoro rājānaṃ vā rājamahāmattānaṃ vā nissito hoti.
| idha | ind | adv | here | |
| bhikkhave | noun | masc.voc.pl | monks | √bhikkh・1 a (beg) |
| mahācoro | noun | masc.nom.sg | master thief | |
| #mahā | adj | masc. | great | |
| #coro | noun | masc.nom.sg | thief | √cur・8 *e (steal) |
| rājānaṃ | noun | masc.gen.pl. | of the the king | √rāj・1 a (rule, shine) |
| vā | ind | conj | or | |
| rājamahāmattānaṃ | noun | masc.gen.pl. | of the royal minister | chaṭṭhī tappurisa |
| #rājino | noun | masc.gen.sg | of the king | √rāj・1 a (rule, shine) |
| #mahāmattānaṃ | noun | masc.gen.pl. | of the chief minister | |
| vā | ind | conj | or (not translated) | |
| nissito | pp | masc.nom.sg | attached to; dependent on | √si・1 a (depend on, associate with) |
| hoti | verb | pr.3rd.sg | is | √hū・1 a (be) |
Here, monks, a master thief is dependent on kings or the royal ministers.
- MN82
app'ekad'āhaṃ, bho raṭṭhapāla, 'idha pādaṃ karissāmī'ti aññen'eva pādaṃ karomī"ti.
| app'ekad'āhaṃ | sandhi | just sometimes I | ||
| #api | ind | just | ||
| #ekadā | ind | adv | sometimes | |
| #ahaṃ | pron | 1st.nom.sg | I | |
| bho | noun | masc.voc.sg | venerable; master | |
| raṭṭhapāla | noun | masc.voc.sg | Raṭṭhapāla | |
| #raṭṭha | noun | nt | country; land; kingdom | |
| #pāla | noun | masc.voc.sg | protector; keeper | |
| idha | ind | adv | here | |
| pādaṃ | noun | masc.acc.sg | [my] foot | √pad・3 ya (go, step) |
| karissāmī'ti | sandhi | "...I will make"; "...I will perform" | ||
| #karissāmi | verb | fut.1st.sg | I will make; I will perform | √kar・7 o (do, make) |
| #iti | ind | quotation mark | "" | |
| aññen'eva | sandhi | still with the other | ||
| #aññena | pron | masc.instr.sg | with the other | |
| #eva | ind | just | ||
| pādaṃ | noun | masc.acc.sg | a foot | √pad・3 ya (go, step) |
| karomī"ti | sandhi | "...I make"; "...I perform" | ||
| #karomi | verb | pr.1st.sg | I make; I perform | √kar・7 o (do, make) |
| #iti | ind | quotation mark | "" |
"Just sometimes, master Raṭṭhapāla, thinking, "I will place the foot here", I place it at (lit.: with) another (place)."
the iti could here also simply indicate a list, cf. Cone s.v.: "a single word or name or expression; a list"