Phonetic changes of -t-

Phonetic changes of -t-

This occurs with the past participle or adjectives ending -ta,

infinitive -tuṃ, absolutive -tvā, masculine nouns ending in -tar,

neuter nouns ending in -ta, feminine nouns ending in -ti, etc

c + t > tt

vi + √muc + ta	vimutta	pp. freed
pa + √vac + tar	pavattar	m. preacher
√ric + ta	ritta	pp. emptied
vi + √vic + ta	vivitta	pp. separated

c + t > kk

√pac + ta	pakka	pp. cooked
paṭi + √muc + ta	paṭimukka	pp. clothed in

ch + t > ṭṭh

√pucch + ta	puṭṭha	pp. questioned

j + t > tt

saṃ + √yuj + ta	saṃyutta	pp. connected
vi + √bhaj + ta	vibhatta	pp. divided
√raj + ta	ratta	pp. dyed

j + t > bb

√tij + ta	tibba	adj. sharp

j + t > gg

√bhañj + ta	bhagga	pp. broken
ni + √mujj + ta	nimugga	pp. immersed
ud + √vij + ta	ubbigga	pp. startled

jj + t > ṭṭh

saṃ + √majj + ta	sammaṭṭha	pp. polished
vi + saṃ + √sajj + ta	visaṃsaṭṭha	pp. separated

t + t > tt

paṭi + √yat + ta	paṭiyatta	pp. prepared

d + t > tt

ā + √pad + ti	āpatti	f. offence
√mad + ta	matta	pp. intoxicated
√vad + tuṃ	vattuṃ	inf. to speak

dh + t > ddh

√budh + ta	buddha	pp. woken up
√badh + ta	baddha	pp. tied up
√gidh + ta	giddha	adj. greedy
pari + √sudh + ta	parisuddha	adj. clean

n + t > t

√han + ta	hata	pp. struck
√khan + ta	khata	pp. hurt; injured
√mun + ta	muta	pp. sensed
saṃ + √tan + ta	santata	adj. continuous

p + t > tt

ā + √dīp + ta	āditta	pp. blazing
saṃ + √tap + ta	santatta	pp. heated
√sup + ta	sutta	adj. asleep

p + t > pp

√tij > tip + ta	tippa	adj. sharp

bh + t > ddh

ā + √rabh + ta	āraddha	pp. aroused
√labh + ta	laddha	pp. obtained
√lubh + ta	luddha	adj. greedy
pa + √sambh + ti	passaddhi	f. calmness

m + t > nt

abhi + √kam + ta	abhikkanta	pp. gone past
√dam + ta	danta	pp. tamed
√kham + ti	khanti	f. patience
√sam + ti	santi	f. peace

m + t > t

√gam + ta	gata	pp. gone
√ram + ti	rati	f. delight
√nam + ti	nati	f. inclination, bend

r + t > t

√mar + ta	mata	pp. died
√kar + ta	kata	pp. done
√var + ta	vuta	pp. covered
√bhar + ta	bhata	pp. supported
saṃ + √thar + ta	santhata	pp. spread

r + t > tt

√kar + tabba	kattabba	ptp. could be done
√kar + tuṃ	kattuṃ	inf. to do

(ṛ) r + t > ṭ

√phar + ta	phuṭa	pp. pervaded
dur + √kar + ta	dukkaṭa	pp. badly done
ā + √har + ta	āhaṭa	pp. taken
vi + √var + ta	vivaṭa	pp. uncovered

s + t > ṭṭh

√dis + ti	diṭṭhi	f. view
√dus + ta	duṭṭha	pp. corrupted
saṃ + √kilis + ta	saṃkiliṭṭha	pp. dirtied
√is + ta	iṭṭha	pp. wished
√mus + ta	muṭṭha	pp. forgotten

s + t > tth

√sas + ta	sattha	nt. weapon
√vas + ta	vuttha	pp. lived
√as + ti	atthi	pr. is
√sās + tar	satthar	m. teacher

h + t > ḷh

ā + √gāh + ta	āgāḷha	pp. harsh
ā + √ruh + ta	ārūḷha	pp. climbed up
√muh + ta	mūḷha	pp. confused
√dah + ta	daḷha	adj. strong