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Possibility \#9

Possibility #9

When ṃ is followed by a vowel, the vowel may be elided.

The ṃ then may change according to Possibility #2

e.g. abhinanduṃ + iti

> abhinanduṃ + (i)ti

> abhinandunti

In Kaccāyana this is called (40) paro vā saro and

(31) vagg’antaṃ vā vagge.

ṃ + vowel > elision + nasal

       
abhinanduṃ iti abhinandunti they appreciated
ahaṃ iti ahanti “I”
appaṃ api appampi even a little
ayaṃ api ayampi even this
dutiyaṃ api dutiyampi for the second time
evaṃ api evampi even thus
kaṃ asi kaṃsi who you are?
cakkaṃ iva cakkaṃva like a wheel
rukkaṃ iva rukkhaṃva like a tree

There are hundreds of examples with iva, with the meaning of a like or as. These are just from the Dhammapada:

cakkaṃva rukkhaṃva selaṃva seṭṭhaṃva abalassaṃva niratthaṃva khīraṃva nidhīnaṃva paṭivātaṃva ñātīnaṃva nakkhattapathaṃva bhantaṃva kaliṃva tulaṃva sāradikaṃva phalamicchaṃva abhivaṭṭhaṃva naḷaṃva bhadraṃva aggihuttaṃva candaṃva

Counter-examples:

ahaṃ + eva > ahameva

etaṃ + ahosi > etadahosi